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Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition

The consumption of plants plays an important role in human health. In addition to providing macro and micronutrients, plants are the sole sources of several phytonutrients that play a major role in disease prevention. However, in modern diets, increased consumption of cheaper, processed foods with p...

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Autores principales: Kathi, Shivani, Laza, Haydee, Singh, Sukhbir, Thompson, Leslie, Li, Wei, Simpson, Catherine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10020514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36938024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1145992
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author Kathi, Shivani
Laza, Haydee
Singh, Sukhbir
Thompson, Leslie
Li, Wei
Simpson, Catherine
author_facet Kathi, Shivani
Laza, Haydee
Singh, Sukhbir
Thompson, Leslie
Li, Wei
Simpson, Catherine
author_sort Kathi, Shivani
collection PubMed
description The consumption of plants plays an important role in human health. In addition to providing macro and micronutrients, plants are the sole sources of several phytonutrients that play a major role in disease prevention. However, in modern diets, increased consumption of cheaper, processed foods with poor nutritional value over fruits and vegetables leads to insufficient consumption of essential nutrients such as vitamin C. Taking supplements can address some of the insufficient nutrients in a diet. However, supplements are not as diverse or bioavailable as the nutrients in plants. Improving the abundance of nutrients in plants will reduce the amounts that need to be consumed, thereby reducing the price barrier and use of supplements. In this study, broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) microgreens grown in a controlled environment were biofortified for increased vitamin C content. The microgreens grown on growing pads were treated with supplemental nutrient solutions. Treatments were applied four to five days after germination and included four different concentrations of ascorbic acid specifically, 0% (control), 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.5%, added to the nutrient solution. Microgreens with turgid cotyledons and appearance of tip of first true leaves were harvested about 14 days after germination and were analyzed for biomass, chlorophylls, carotenoids, vitamin C and other minerals content. The ascorbic acid improved the microgreens’ fresh biomass, percent dry matter, chlorophylls, carotenoids, vitamin C, and potassium content. Moreover, this study also mapped out the correlation between ascorbic acid, phytochemicals, and broccoli microgreens’ mineral composition. The total vitamin C was positively correlated to K and negatively correlated to chlorophylls, N, P, Mg, Ca, S, and B (p < 0.01). These relationships can be applied in future vitamin C biofortification research across different microgreens. In conclusion, vitamin C was increased up to 222% by supplemental ascorbic acid without being detrimental to plant health and mineral composition.
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spelling pubmed-100205142023-03-18 Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition Kathi, Shivani Laza, Haydee Singh, Sukhbir Thompson, Leslie Li, Wei Simpson, Catherine Front Plant Sci Plant Science The consumption of plants plays an important role in human health. In addition to providing macro and micronutrients, plants are the sole sources of several phytonutrients that play a major role in disease prevention. However, in modern diets, increased consumption of cheaper, processed foods with poor nutritional value over fruits and vegetables leads to insufficient consumption of essential nutrients such as vitamin C. Taking supplements can address some of the insufficient nutrients in a diet. However, supplements are not as diverse or bioavailable as the nutrients in plants. Improving the abundance of nutrients in plants will reduce the amounts that need to be consumed, thereby reducing the price barrier and use of supplements. In this study, broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) microgreens grown in a controlled environment were biofortified for increased vitamin C content. The microgreens grown on growing pads were treated with supplemental nutrient solutions. Treatments were applied four to five days after germination and included four different concentrations of ascorbic acid specifically, 0% (control), 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.5%, added to the nutrient solution. Microgreens with turgid cotyledons and appearance of tip of first true leaves were harvested about 14 days after germination and were analyzed for biomass, chlorophylls, carotenoids, vitamin C and other minerals content. The ascorbic acid improved the microgreens’ fresh biomass, percent dry matter, chlorophylls, carotenoids, vitamin C, and potassium content. Moreover, this study also mapped out the correlation between ascorbic acid, phytochemicals, and broccoli microgreens’ mineral composition. The total vitamin C was positively correlated to K and negatively correlated to chlorophylls, N, P, Mg, Ca, S, and B (p < 0.01). These relationships can be applied in future vitamin C biofortification research across different microgreens. In conclusion, vitamin C was increased up to 222% by supplemental ascorbic acid without being detrimental to plant health and mineral composition. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10020514/ /pubmed/36938024 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1145992 Text en Copyright © 2023 Kathi, Laza, Singh, Thompson, Li and Simpson https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Kathi, Shivani
Laza, Haydee
Singh, Sukhbir
Thompson, Leslie
Li, Wei
Simpson, Catherine
Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition
title Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition
title_full Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition
title_fullStr Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition
title_full_unstemmed Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition
title_short Vitamin C biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition
title_sort vitamin c biofortification of broccoli microgreens and resulting effects on nutrient composition
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10020514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36938024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1145992
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