Cargando…

Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis

Countries around the world have implemented restrictions on mobility, especially cross-border travel to reduce or prevent SARS-CoV-2 community transmission. Rapid antigen testing (Ag-RDT), with on-site administration and rapid turnaround time may provide a valuable screening measure to ease cross-bo...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chevalier, Joshua M., Sy, Karla Therese L., Girdwood, Sarah J., Khan, Shaukat, Albert, Heidi, Toporowski, Amy, Hannay, Emma, Carmona, Sergio, Nichols, Brooke E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021421/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962136
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000086
_version_ 1784908481097105408
author Chevalier, Joshua M.
Sy, Karla Therese L.
Girdwood, Sarah J.
Khan, Shaukat
Albert, Heidi
Toporowski, Amy
Hannay, Emma
Carmona, Sergio
Nichols, Brooke E.
author_facet Chevalier, Joshua M.
Sy, Karla Therese L.
Girdwood, Sarah J.
Khan, Shaukat
Albert, Heidi
Toporowski, Amy
Hannay, Emma
Carmona, Sergio
Nichols, Brooke E.
author_sort Chevalier, Joshua M.
collection PubMed
description Countries around the world have implemented restrictions on mobility, especially cross-border travel to reduce or prevent SARS-CoV-2 community transmission. Rapid antigen testing (Ag-RDT), with on-site administration and rapid turnaround time may provide a valuable screening measure to ease cross-border travel while minimizing risk of local transmission. To maximize impact, we developed an optimal Ag-RDT screening algorithm for cross-border entry. Using a previously developed mathematical model, we determined the daily number of imported COVID-19 cases that would generate no more than a relative 1% increase in cases over one month for different effective reproductive numbers (Rt) and COVID-19 prevalence within the recipient country. We then developed an algorithm—for differing levels of Rt, arrivals per day, mode of travel, and SARS-CoV-2 prevalence amongst travelers—to determine the minimum proportion of people that would need Ag-RDT testing at border crossings to ensure no greater than the relative 1% community spread increase. When daily international arrivals and/or COVID-19 prevalence amongst arrivals increases, the proportion of arrivals required to test using Ag-RDT increases. At very high numbers of international arrivals/COVID-19 prevalence, Ag-RDT testing is not sufficient to prevent increased community spread, especially when recipient country prevalence and Rt are low. In these cases, Ag-RDT screening would need to be supplemented with other measures to prevent an increase in community transmission. An efficient Ag-RDT algorithm for SARS-CoV-2 testing depends strongly on the epidemic status within the recipient country, volume of travel, proportion of land and air arrivals, test sensitivity, and COVID-19 prevalence among travelers.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10021421
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-100214212023-03-17 Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis Chevalier, Joshua M. Sy, Karla Therese L. Girdwood, Sarah J. Khan, Shaukat Albert, Heidi Toporowski, Amy Hannay, Emma Carmona, Sergio Nichols, Brooke E. PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article Countries around the world have implemented restrictions on mobility, especially cross-border travel to reduce or prevent SARS-CoV-2 community transmission. Rapid antigen testing (Ag-RDT), with on-site administration and rapid turnaround time may provide a valuable screening measure to ease cross-border travel while minimizing risk of local transmission. To maximize impact, we developed an optimal Ag-RDT screening algorithm for cross-border entry. Using a previously developed mathematical model, we determined the daily number of imported COVID-19 cases that would generate no more than a relative 1% increase in cases over one month for different effective reproductive numbers (Rt) and COVID-19 prevalence within the recipient country. We then developed an algorithm—for differing levels of Rt, arrivals per day, mode of travel, and SARS-CoV-2 prevalence amongst travelers—to determine the minimum proportion of people that would need Ag-RDT testing at border crossings to ensure no greater than the relative 1% community spread increase. When daily international arrivals and/or COVID-19 prevalence amongst arrivals increases, the proportion of arrivals required to test using Ag-RDT increases. At very high numbers of international arrivals/COVID-19 prevalence, Ag-RDT testing is not sufficient to prevent increased community spread, especially when recipient country prevalence and Rt are low. In these cases, Ag-RDT screening would need to be supplemented with other measures to prevent an increase in community transmission. An efficient Ag-RDT algorithm for SARS-CoV-2 testing depends strongly on the epidemic status within the recipient country, volume of travel, proportion of land and air arrivals, test sensitivity, and COVID-19 prevalence among travelers. Public Library of Science 2022-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10021421/ /pubmed/36962136 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000086 Text en © 2022 Chevalier et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Chevalier, Joshua M.
Sy, Karla Therese L.
Girdwood, Sarah J.
Khan, Shaukat
Albert, Heidi
Toporowski, Amy
Hannay, Emma
Carmona, Sergio
Nichols, Brooke E.
Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis
title Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis
title_full Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis
title_fullStr Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis
title_full_unstemmed Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis
title_short Optimal use of COVID-19 Ag-RDT screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: A modeling analysis
title_sort optimal use of covid-19 ag-rdt screening at border crossings to prevent community transmission: a modeling analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021421/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962136
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000086
work_keys_str_mv AT chevalierjoshuam optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT sykarlatheresel optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT girdwoodsarahj optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT khanshaukat optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT albertheidi optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT toporowskiamy optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT hannayemma optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT carmonasergio optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis
AT nicholsbrookee optimaluseofcovid19agrdtscreeningatbordercrossingstopreventcommunitytransmissionamodelinganalysis