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Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil

Due to the high rates of transmission and deaths due to COVID-19, understanding the factors associated with its occurrence, as well as monitoring and implementing control measures should be priority actions in health surveillance, highlighting the use of epidemiological surveillance information syst...

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Autores principales: Dias Custódio, Ana Cristina, Ribas, Fábio Vieira, Toledo, Luana Vieira, de Carvalho, Cristiane Junqueira, Lima, Luciana Moreira, de Freitas, Brunnella Alcantara Chagas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962158
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000200
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author Dias Custódio, Ana Cristina
Ribas, Fábio Vieira
Toledo, Luana Vieira
de Carvalho, Cristiane Junqueira
Lima, Luciana Moreira
de Freitas, Brunnella Alcantara Chagas
author_facet Dias Custódio, Ana Cristina
Ribas, Fábio Vieira
Toledo, Luana Vieira
de Carvalho, Cristiane Junqueira
Lima, Luciana Moreira
de Freitas, Brunnella Alcantara Chagas
author_sort Dias Custódio, Ana Cristina
collection PubMed
description Due to the high rates of transmission and deaths due to COVID-19, understanding the factors associated with its occurrence, as well as monitoring and implementing control measures should be priority actions in health surveillance, highlighting the use of epidemiological surveillance information systems as an important ally. Thus, the objectives of this study were to calculate the mortality rate of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 and to identify factors associated with death, in the period corresponding to epidemiological weeks 01 to 53 of the year 2020. This was a longitudinal study, using the national influenza epidemiological surveillance information system database, routinely collected by healthcare services. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 563,051 hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in the five regions of Brazil were analyzed. Cox regression was performed to assess factors associated with patient death during hospitalization. The national lethality rate was 35.7%, and the highest rates of lethality occurred in the Northeast (44.3%) and North (41.2%) regions. During the hospital stay, death was associated with older age (Hazard Ratio—HR = 1.026; p<0.001); male sex (HR = 1.052; p<0.001); living in the North (HR = 1.429; p<0.001), Northeast (HR = 1.271; p<0.001) or Southeast regions of Brazil (HR = 1.040; p<0.001), presenting any risk factor (HR = 1.129; p< 0.001), the use of invasive (HR = 2.865; p<0.001) or noninvasive (HR = 1.401; p<0.001) mechanical ventilation devices. A high case lethality rate was evidenced in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19, however, deaths were not evenly distributed across the country’s regions, being heavily concentrated in the Northeast and North regions. Older male patients living in the North, Northeast, or Southeast regions of Brazil, who presented any risk factor and were submitted to the use of invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation devices, presented a higher risk of evolving to death.
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spelling pubmed-100215572023-03-17 Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil Dias Custódio, Ana Cristina Ribas, Fábio Vieira Toledo, Luana Vieira de Carvalho, Cristiane Junqueira Lima, Luciana Moreira de Freitas, Brunnella Alcantara Chagas PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article Due to the high rates of transmission and deaths due to COVID-19, understanding the factors associated with its occurrence, as well as monitoring and implementing control measures should be priority actions in health surveillance, highlighting the use of epidemiological surveillance information systems as an important ally. Thus, the objectives of this study were to calculate the mortality rate of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 and to identify factors associated with death, in the period corresponding to epidemiological weeks 01 to 53 of the year 2020. This was a longitudinal study, using the national influenza epidemiological surveillance information system database, routinely collected by healthcare services. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 563,051 hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in the five regions of Brazil were analyzed. Cox regression was performed to assess factors associated with patient death during hospitalization. The national lethality rate was 35.7%, and the highest rates of lethality occurred in the Northeast (44.3%) and North (41.2%) regions. During the hospital stay, death was associated with older age (Hazard Ratio—HR = 1.026; p<0.001); male sex (HR = 1.052; p<0.001); living in the North (HR = 1.429; p<0.001), Northeast (HR = 1.271; p<0.001) or Southeast regions of Brazil (HR = 1.040; p<0.001), presenting any risk factor (HR = 1.129; p< 0.001), the use of invasive (HR = 2.865; p<0.001) or noninvasive (HR = 1.401; p<0.001) mechanical ventilation devices. A high case lethality rate was evidenced in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19, however, deaths were not evenly distributed across the country’s regions, being heavily concentrated in the Northeast and North regions. Older male patients living in the North, Northeast, or Southeast regions of Brazil, who presented any risk factor and were submitted to the use of invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation devices, presented a higher risk of evolving to death. Public Library of Science 2022-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10021557/ /pubmed/36962158 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000200 Text en © 2022 Dias Custódio et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dias Custódio, Ana Cristina
Ribas, Fábio Vieira
Toledo, Luana Vieira
de Carvalho, Cristiane Junqueira
Lima, Luciana Moreira
de Freitas, Brunnella Alcantara Chagas
Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil
title Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil
title_full Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil
title_fullStr Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil
title_short Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil
title_sort factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to covid-19 in brazil
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962158
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000200
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