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Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance

The international tourist destination of Bali reported its first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 in March 2020. To better understand the extent of exposure of Bali’s 4.3 million inhabitants to the COVID-19 virus, we performed two repeated cross-sectional serosurveys stratified by urban...

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Autores principales: Sawitri, Anak A. S., Yuliyatni, Putu C. D., Astuti, Putu A. S., Ajis, Emita, Prasetyowati, Endang B., Husni, Morgan, Juliette, Mika, Jennifer, Praptiningsih, Catharina Y., Mangiri, Amalya, Mulyadi, Ester, Noviyanti, Rintis, Trianty, Leily, Hawley, William A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962743
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000727
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author Sawitri, Anak A. S.
Yuliyatni, Putu C. D.
Astuti, Putu A. S.
Ajis, Emita
Prasetyowati, Endang B.
Husni,
Morgan, Juliette
Mika, Jennifer
Praptiningsih, Catharina Y.
Mangiri, Amalya
Mulyadi, Ester
Noviyanti, Rintis
Trianty, Leily
Hawley, William A.
author_facet Sawitri, Anak A. S.
Yuliyatni, Putu C. D.
Astuti, Putu A. S.
Ajis, Emita
Prasetyowati, Endang B.
Husni,
Morgan, Juliette
Mika, Jennifer
Praptiningsih, Catharina Y.
Mangiri, Amalya
Mulyadi, Ester
Noviyanti, Rintis
Trianty, Leily
Hawley, William A.
author_sort Sawitri, Anak A. S.
collection PubMed
description The international tourist destination of Bali reported its first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 in March 2020. To better understand the extent of exposure of Bali’s 4.3 million inhabitants to the COVID-19 virus, we performed two repeated cross-sectional serosurveys stratified by urban and rural areas. We used a highly specific multiplex assay that detects antibodies to three different viral antigens. We also assessed demographic and social risk factors and history of symptoms. Our results show that the virus was widespread in Bali by late 2020, with 16.73% (95% CI 12.22–21.12) of the population having been infected by that time. We saw no differences in seroprevalence between urban and rural areas, possibly due to extensive population mixing, and similar levels of seroprevalence by gender and among age groups, except for lower seroprevalence in the very young. We observed no difference in seroprevalence between our two closely spaced surveys. Individuals reporting symptoms in the past six months were about twice as likely to be seropositive as those not reporting symptoms. Based upon official statistics for laboratory diagnosed cases for the six months prior to the survey, we estimate that for every reported case an additional 52 cases, at least, were undetected. Our results support the hypothesis that by late 2020 the virus was widespread in Bali, but largely undetected by surveillance.
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spelling pubmed-100216512023-03-17 Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance Sawitri, Anak A. S. Yuliyatni, Putu C. D. Astuti, Putu A. S. Ajis, Emita Prasetyowati, Endang B. Husni, Morgan, Juliette Mika, Jennifer Praptiningsih, Catharina Y. Mangiri, Amalya Mulyadi, Ester Noviyanti, Rintis Trianty, Leily Hawley, William A. PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article The international tourist destination of Bali reported its first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 in March 2020. To better understand the extent of exposure of Bali’s 4.3 million inhabitants to the COVID-19 virus, we performed two repeated cross-sectional serosurveys stratified by urban and rural areas. We used a highly specific multiplex assay that detects antibodies to three different viral antigens. We also assessed demographic and social risk factors and history of symptoms. Our results show that the virus was widespread in Bali by late 2020, with 16.73% (95% CI 12.22–21.12) of the population having been infected by that time. We saw no differences in seroprevalence between urban and rural areas, possibly due to extensive population mixing, and similar levels of seroprevalence by gender and among age groups, except for lower seroprevalence in the very young. We observed no difference in seroprevalence between our two closely spaced surveys. Individuals reporting symptoms in the past six months were about twice as likely to be seropositive as those not reporting symptoms. Based upon official statistics for laboratory diagnosed cases for the six months prior to the survey, we estimate that for every reported case an additional 52 cases, at least, were undetected. Our results support the hypothesis that by late 2020 the virus was widespread in Bali, but largely undetected by surveillance. Public Library of Science 2022-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10021651/ /pubmed/36962743 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000727 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sawitri, Anak A. S.
Yuliyatni, Putu C. D.
Astuti, Putu A. S.
Ajis, Emita
Prasetyowati, Endang B.
Husni,
Morgan, Juliette
Mika, Jennifer
Praptiningsih, Catharina Y.
Mangiri, Amalya
Mulyadi, Ester
Noviyanti, Rintis
Trianty, Leily
Hawley, William A.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance
title Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance
title_full Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance
title_fullStr Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance
title_full_unstemmed Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance
title_short Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance
title_sort seroprevalence of sars-cov-2 antibodies in bali province: indonesia shows underdetection of covid-19 cases by routine surveillance
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962743
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000727
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