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Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance
The international tourist destination of Bali reported its first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 in March 2020. To better understand the extent of exposure of Bali’s 4.3 million inhabitants to the COVID-19 virus, we performed two repeated cross-sectional serosurveys stratified by urban...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021651/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962743 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000727 |
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author | Sawitri, Anak A. S. Yuliyatni, Putu C. D. Astuti, Putu A. S. Ajis, Emita Prasetyowati, Endang B. Husni, Morgan, Juliette Mika, Jennifer Praptiningsih, Catharina Y. Mangiri, Amalya Mulyadi, Ester Noviyanti, Rintis Trianty, Leily Hawley, William A. |
author_facet | Sawitri, Anak A. S. Yuliyatni, Putu C. D. Astuti, Putu A. S. Ajis, Emita Prasetyowati, Endang B. Husni, Morgan, Juliette Mika, Jennifer Praptiningsih, Catharina Y. Mangiri, Amalya Mulyadi, Ester Noviyanti, Rintis Trianty, Leily Hawley, William A. |
author_sort | Sawitri, Anak A. S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The international tourist destination of Bali reported its first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 in March 2020. To better understand the extent of exposure of Bali’s 4.3 million inhabitants to the COVID-19 virus, we performed two repeated cross-sectional serosurveys stratified by urban and rural areas. We used a highly specific multiplex assay that detects antibodies to three different viral antigens. We also assessed demographic and social risk factors and history of symptoms. Our results show that the virus was widespread in Bali by late 2020, with 16.73% (95% CI 12.22–21.12) of the population having been infected by that time. We saw no differences in seroprevalence between urban and rural areas, possibly due to extensive population mixing, and similar levels of seroprevalence by gender and among age groups, except for lower seroprevalence in the very young. We observed no difference in seroprevalence between our two closely spaced surveys. Individuals reporting symptoms in the past six months were about twice as likely to be seropositive as those not reporting symptoms. Based upon official statistics for laboratory diagnosed cases for the six months prior to the survey, we estimate that for every reported case an additional 52 cases, at least, were undetected. Our results support the hypothesis that by late 2020 the virus was widespread in Bali, but largely undetected by surveillance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10021651 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100216512023-03-17 Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance Sawitri, Anak A. S. Yuliyatni, Putu C. D. Astuti, Putu A. S. Ajis, Emita Prasetyowati, Endang B. Husni, Morgan, Juliette Mika, Jennifer Praptiningsih, Catharina Y. Mangiri, Amalya Mulyadi, Ester Noviyanti, Rintis Trianty, Leily Hawley, William A. PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article The international tourist destination of Bali reported its first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 in March 2020. To better understand the extent of exposure of Bali’s 4.3 million inhabitants to the COVID-19 virus, we performed two repeated cross-sectional serosurveys stratified by urban and rural areas. We used a highly specific multiplex assay that detects antibodies to three different viral antigens. We also assessed demographic and social risk factors and history of symptoms. Our results show that the virus was widespread in Bali by late 2020, with 16.73% (95% CI 12.22–21.12) of the population having been infected by that time. We saw no differences in seroprevalence between urban and rural areas, possibly due to extensive population mixing, and similar levels of seroprevalence by gender and among age groups, except for lower seroprevalence in the very young. We observed no difference in seroprevalence between our two closely spaced surveys. Individuals reporting symptoms in the past six months were about twice as likely to be seropositive as those not reporting symptoms. Based upon official statistics for laboratory diagnosed cases for the six months prior to the survey, we estimate that for every reported case an additional 52 cases, at least, were undetected. Our results support the hypothesis that by late 2020 the virus was widespread in Bali, but largely undetected by surveillance. Public Library of Science 2022-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10021651/ /pubmed/36962743 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000727 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Sawitri, Anak A. S. Yuliyatni, Putu C. D. Astuti, Putu A. S. Ajis, Emita Prasetyowati, Endang B. Husni, Morgan, Juliette Mika, Jennifer Praptiningsih, Catharina Y. Mangiri, Amalya Mulyadi, Ester Noviyanti, Rintis Trianty, Leily Hawley, William A. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance |
title | Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance |
title_full | Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance |
title_fullStr | Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance |
title_full_unstemmed | Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance |
title_short | Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Bali Province: Indonesia shows underdetection of COVID-19 cases by routine surveillance |
title_sort | seroprevalence of sars-cov-2 antibodies in bali province: indonesia shows underdetection of covid-19 cases by routine surveillance |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10021651/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962743 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000727 |
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