Cargando…

A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate available prevalence and viral sequencing data representing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in Kenya. More than 20% of the global disease burden from CHB is in Africa, however there is minimal high quality seroprevalence data fro...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Downs, Louise O., Campbell, Cori, Yonga, Paul, Githinji, George, Ansari, M. Azim, Matthews, Philippa C., Etyang, Anthony O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10022289/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36963057
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001165
_version_ 1784908698164920320
author Downs, Louise O.
Campbell, Cori
Yonga, Paul
Githinji, George
Ansari, M. Azim
Matthews, Philippa C.
Etyang, Anthony O.
author_facet Downs, Louise O.
Campbell, Cori
Yonga, Paul
Githinji, George
Ansari, M. Azim
Matthews, Philippa C.
Etyang, Anthony O.
author_sort Downs, Louise O.
collection PubMed
description The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate available prevalence and viral sequencing data representing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in Kenya. More than 20% of the global disease burden from CHB is in Africa, however there is minimal high quality seroprevalence data from individual countries and little viral sequencing data available to represent the continent. We undertook a systematic review of the prevalence and genetic data available for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Kenya using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We identified 23 studies reporting HBV prevalence and 8 studies that included HBV genetic data published in English between January 2000 and December 2021. We assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Due to study heterogeneity, we divided the studies to represent low, moderate, high and very high-risk for HBV infection, identifying 8, 7, 5 and 3 studies in these groups, respectively. We calculated pooled HBV prevalence within each group and evaluated available sequencing data. Pooled HBV prevalence was 3.4% (95% CI 2.7–4.2%), 6.1% (95% CI 5.1–7.4%), 6.2% (95% CI 4.64–8.2) and 29.2% (95% CI 12.2–55.1), respectively. Study quality was overall low; only three studies detailed sample size calculation and 17/23 studies were cross sectional. Eight studies included genetic information on HBV, with two undertaking whole genome sequencing. Genotype A accounted for 92% of infections. Other genotypes included genotype D (6%), D/E recombinants (1%) or mixed populations (1%). Drug resistance mutations were reported by two studies. There is an urgent need for more high quality seroprevalence and genetic data to represent HBV in Kenya to underpin improved HBV screening, treatment and prevention in order to support progress towards elimination targets.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10022289
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-100222892023-03-17 A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy Downs, Louise O. Campbell, Cori Yonga, Paul Githinji, George Ansari, M. Azim Matthews, Philippa C. Etyang, Anthony O. PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate available prevalence and viral sequencing data representing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in Kenya. More than 20% of the global disease burden from CHB is in Africa, however there is minimal high quality seroprevalence data from individual countries and little viral sequencing data available to represent the continent. We undertook a systematic review of the prevalence and genetic data available for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Kenya using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We identified 23 studies reporting HBV prevalence and 8 studies that included HBV genetic data published in English between January 2000 and December 2021. We assessed study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Due to study heterogeneity, we divided the studies to represent low, moderate, high and very high-risk for HBV infection, identifying 8, 7, 5 and 3 studies in these groups, respectively. We calculated pooled HBV prevalence within each group and evaluated available sequencing data. Pooled HBV prevalence was 3.4% (95% CI 2.7–4.2%), 6.1% (95% CI 5.1–7.4%), 6.2% (95% CI 4.64–8.2) and 29.2% (95% CI 12.2–55.1), respectively. Study quality was overall low; only three studies detailed sample size calculation and 17/23 studies were cross sectional. Eight studies included genetic information on HBV, with two undertaking whole genome sequencing. Genotype A accounted for 92% of infections. Other genotypes included genotype D (6%), D/E recombinants (1%) or mixed populations (1%). Drug resistance mutations were reported by two studies. There is an urgent need for more high quality seroprevalence and genetic data to represent HBV in Kenya to underpin improved HBV screening, treatment and prevention in order to support progress towards elimination targets. Public Library of Science 2023-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10022289/ /pubmed/36963057 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001165 Text en © 2023 Downs et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Downs, Louise O.
Campbell, Cori
Yonga, Paul
Githinji, George
Ansari, M. Azim
Matthews, Philippa C.
Etyang, Anthony O.
A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy
title A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy
title_full A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy
title_fullStr A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy
title_full_unstemmed A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy
title_short A systematic review of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence and genotypes in Kenya: Data to inform clinical care and health policy
title_sort systematic review of hepatitis b virus (hbv) prevalence and genotypes in kenya: data to inform clinical care and health policy
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10022289/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36963057
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001165
work_keys_str_mv AT downslouiseo asystematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT campbellcori asystematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT yongapaul asystematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT githinjigeorge asystematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT ansarimazim asystematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT matthewsphilippac asystematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT etyanganthonyo asystematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT downslouiseo systematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT campbellcori systematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT yongapaul systematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT githinjigeorge systematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT ansarimazim systematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT matthewsphilippac systematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy
AT etyanganthonyo systematicreviewofhepatitisbvirushbvprevalenceandgenotypesinkenyadatatoinformclinicalcareandhealthpolicy