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Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population

BACKGROUND: In 2020, the European Medicines Agency recommended testing patients for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency before systemic treatment with fluoropyrimidines (FP). DPD activity testing identifies patients at elevated risk of severe FP-related toxicity (FP-TOX). The two most u...

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Autores principales: Paulsen, N.H., Pfeiffer, P., Ewertz, M., Fruekilde, P.B.N., Feddersen, S., Holm, H.S., Bergmann, T.K., Qvortrup, C., Damkier, P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10024141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36791638
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100782
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author Paulsen, N.H.
Pfeiffer, P.
Ewertz, M.
Fruekilde, P.B.N.
Feddersen, S.
Holm, H.S.
Bergmann, T.K.
Qvortrup, C.
Damkier, P.
author_facet Paulsen, N.H.
Pfeiffer, P.
Ewertz, M.
Fruekilde, P.B.N.
Feddersen, S.
Holm, H.S.
Bergmann, T.K.
Qvortrup, C.
Damkier, P.
author_sort Paulsen, N.H.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In 2020, the European Medicines Agency recommended testing patients for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency before systemic treatment with fluoropyrimidines (FP). DPD activity testing identifies patients at elevated risk of severe FP-related toxicity (FP-TOX). The two most used methods for DPD testing are DPYD genotyping and DPD phenotyping (plasma uracil concentration). The primary objective of this study was to compare the overall frequency of overall grade ≥3 FP-TOX before and after the implementation of DPYD genotyping. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred thirty Danish, primarily gastrointestinal cancer patients, were DPYD-genotyped before their first dose of FP, and blood was sampled for post hoc assessment of P-uracil. The initial dose was reduced for variant carriers. Grade ≥3 FP-TOX was registered after the first three treatment cycles of FP. The frequency of toxicity was compared to a historical cohort of 492 patients with post hoc determined DPYD genotype from a biobank. RESULTS: The frequency of overall grade ≥3 FP-TOX was 27% in the DPYD genotype-guided group compared to 24% in the historical cohort. In DPYD variant carriers, DPYD genotyping reduced the frequency of FP-related hospitalization from 19% to 0%. In the control group, 4.8% of DPYD variant carriers died due to FP-TOX compared to 0% in the group receiving DPYD genotype-guided dosing of FP. In the intervention group, wild-type patients with uracil ≥16 ng/ml had a higher frequency of FP-TOX than wild-type patients with uracil <16 ng/ml (55% versus 28%). CONCLUSIONS: We found no population-level benefit of DPYD genotyping when comparing the risk of grade ≥3 FP-TOX before and after clinical implementation. We observed no deaths or FP-related hospitalizations in patients whose FP treatment was guided by a variant DPYD genotype. The use of DPD phenotyping may add valuable information in DPYD wild-type patients.
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spelling pubmed-100241412023-03-19 Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population Paulsen, N.H. Pfeiffer, P. Ewertz, M. Fruekilde, P.B.N. Feddersen, S. Holm, H.S. Bergmann, T.K. Qvortrup, C. Damkier, P. ESMO Open Original Research BACKGROUND: In 2020, the European Medicines Agency recommended testing patients for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency before systemic treatment with fluoropyrimidines (FP). DPD activity testing identifies patients at elevated risk of severe FP-related toxicity (FP-TOX). The two most used methods for DPD testing are DPYD genotyping and DPD phenotyping (plasma uracil concentration). The primary objective of this study was to compare the overall frequency of overall grade ≥3 FP-TOX before and after the implementation of DPYD genotyping. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred thirty Danish, primarily gastrointestinal cancer patients, were DPYD-genotyped before their first dose of FP, and blood was sampled for post hoc assessment of P-uracil. The initial dose was reduced for variant carriers. Grade ≥3 FP-TOX was registered after the first three treatment cycles of FP. The frequency of toxicity was compared to a historical cohort of 492 patients with post hoc determined DPYD genotype from a biobank. RESULTS: The frequency of overall grade ≥3 FP-TOX was 27% in the DPYD genotype-guided group compared to 24% in the historical cohort. In DPYD variant carriers, DPYD genotyping reduced the frequency of FP-related hospitalization from 19% to 0%. In the control group, 4.8% of DPYD variant carriers died due to FP-TOX compared to 0% in the group receiving DPYD genotype-guided dosing of FP. In the intervention group, wild-type patients with uracil ≥16 ng/ml had a higher frequency of FP-TOX than wild-type patients with uracil <16 ng/ml (55% versus 28%). CONCLUSIONS: We found no population-level benefit of DPYD genotyping when comparing the risk of grade ≥3 FP-TOX before and after clinical implementation. We observed no deaths or FP-related hospitalizations in patients whose FP treatment was guided by a variant DPYD genotype. The use of DPD phenotyping may add valuable information in DPYD wild-type patients. Elsevier 2023-02-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10024141/ /pubmed/36791638 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100782 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Research
Paulsen, N.H.
Pfeiffer, P.
Ewertz, M.
Fruekilde, P.B.N.
Feddersen, S.
Holm, H.S.
Bergmann, T.K.
Qvortrup, C.
Damkier, P.
Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population
title Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population
title_full Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population
title_fullStr Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population
title_full_unstemmed Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population
title_short Implementation and clinical benefit of DPYD genotyping in a Danish cancer population
title_sort implementation and clinical benefit of dpyd genotyping in a danish cancer population
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10024141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36791638
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100782
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