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A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum

Sea urchins can detect light and move in relation to luminous stimuli despite lacking eyes. They presumably detect light through photoreceptor cells distributed on their body surface. However, there is currently no mechanistic explanation of how these animals can process light to detect visual stimu...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Tianshu, Kirwan, John, Arnone, Maria Ina, Nilsson, Dan-Eric, La Camera, Giancarlo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10025101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36950121
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.106295
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author Li, Tianshu
Kirwan, John
Arnone, Maria Ina
Nilsson, Dan-Eric
La Camera, Giancarlo
author_facet Li, Tianshu
Kirwan, John
Arnone, Maria Ina
Nilsson, Dan-Eric
La Camera, Giancarlo
author_sort Li, Tianshu
collection PubMed
description Sea urchins can detect light and move in relation to luminous stimuli despite lacking eyes. They presumably detect light through photoreceptor cells distributed on their body surface. However, there is currently no mechanistic explanation of how these animals can process light to detect visual stimuli and produce oriented movement. Here, we present a model of decentralized vision in echinoderms that includes all known processing stages, from photoreceptor cells to radial nerve neurons to neurons contained in the oral nerve ring encircling the mouth of the animals. In the model, light stimuli captured by photoreceptor cells produce neural activity in the radial nerve neurons. In turn, neural activity in the radial nerves is integrated in the oral nerve ring to produce a profile of neural activity reaching spatially across several ambulacra. This neural activity is readout to produce a model of movement. The model captures previously published data on the behavior of sea urchin Diadema africanum probed with a variety of physical stimuli. The specific pattern of neural connections used in the model makes testable predictions on the properties of single neurons and aggregate neural behavior in Diadema africanum and other echinoderms, offering a potential understanding of the mechanism of visual orientation in these animals.
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spelling pubmed-100251012023-03-21 A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum Li, Tianshu Kirwan, John Arnone, Maria Ina Nilsson, Dan-Eric La Camera, Giancarlo iScience Article Sea urchins can detect light and move in relation to luminous stimuli despite lacking eyes. They presumably detect light through photoreceptor cells distributed on their body surface. However, there is currently no mechanistic explanation of how these animals can process light to detect visual stimuli and produce oriented movement. Here, we present a model of decentralized vision in echinoderms that includes all known processing stages, from photoreceptor cells to radial nerve neurons to neurons contained in the oral nerve ring encircling the mouth of the animals. In the model, light stimuli captured by photoreceptor cells produce neural activity in the radial nerve neurons. In turn, neural activity in the radial nerves is integrated in the oral nerve ring to produce a profile of neural activity reaching spatially across several ambulacra. This neural activity is readout to produce a model of movement. The model captures previously published data on the behavior of sea urchin Diadema africanum probed with a variety of physical stimuli. The specific pattern of neural connections used in the model makes testable predictions on the properties of single neurons and aggregate neural behavior in Diadema africanum and other echinoderms, offering a potential understanding of the mechanism of visual orientation in these animals. Elsevier 2023-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10025101/ /pubmed/36950121 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.106295 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Tianshu
Kirwan, John
Arnone, Maria Ina
Nilsson, Dan-Eric
La Camera, Giancarlo
A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum
title A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum
title_full A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum
title_fullStr A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum
title_full_unstemmed A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum
title_short A model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin Diadema africanum
title_sort model of decentralized vision in the sea urchin diadema africanum
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10025101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36950121
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.106295
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