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Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities

Categorical models of personality disorders have been beneficial throughout psychiatric history, providing a mechanism for organizing and communicating research and treatment. However, the view that individuals with personality disorders are qualitatively distinct from the general population is no l...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Monaghan, Conal, Bizumic, Boris
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10028270/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36960458
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1098452
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author Monaghan, Conal
Bizumic, Boris
author_facet Monaghan, Conal
Bizumic, Boris
author_sort Monaghan, Conal
collection PubMed
description Categorical models of personality disorders have been beneficial throughout psychiatric history, providing a mechanism for organizing and communicating research and treatment. However, the view that individuals with personality disorders are qualitatively distinct from the general population is no longer tenable. This perspective has amassed steady criticism, ranging from inconsequential to irreconcilable. In response, stronger evidence has been accumulated in support of a dimensional perspective that unifies normal and pathological personality on underlying trait continua. Contemporary nosology has largely shifted toward this dimensional perspective, yet broader adoption within public lexicon and routine clinical practice appears slow. This review focuses on challenges and the related opportunities of moving toward dimensional models in personality disorder research and practice. First, we highlight the need for ongoing development of a broader array of measurement methods, ideally facilitating multimethod assessments that reduce biases associated with any single methodology. These efforts should also include measurement across both poles of each trait, intensive longitudinal studies, and more deeply considering social desirability. Second, wider communication and training in dimensional approaches is needed for individuals working in mental health. This will require clear demonstrations of incremental treatment efficacy and structured public health rebates. Third, we should embrace cultural and geographic diversity, and investigate how unifying humanity may reduce the stigma and shame currently generated by arbitrarily labeling an individual's personality as normal or abnormal. This review aims to organize ongoing research efforts toward broader and routine usage of dimensional perspectives within research and clinical spaces.
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spelling pubmed-100282702023-03-22 Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities Monaghan, Conal Bizumic, Boris Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Categorical models of personality disorders have been beneficial throughout psychiatric history, providing a mechanism for organizing and communicating research and treatment. However, the view that individuals with personality disorders are qualitatively distinct from the general population is no longer tenable. This perspective has amassed steady criticism, ranging from inconsequential to irreconcilable. In response, stronger evidence has been accumulated in support of a dimensional perspective that unifies normal and pathological personality on underlying trait continua. Contemporary nosology has largely shifted toward this dimensional perspective, yet broader adoption within public lexicon and routine clinical practice appears slow. This review focuses on challenges and the related opportunities of moving toward dimensional models in personality disorder research and practice. First, we highlight the need for ongoing development of a broader array of measurement methods, ideally facilitating multimethod assessments that reduce biases associated with any single methodology. These efforts should also include measurement across both poles of each trait, intensive longitudinal studies, and more deeply considering social desirability. Second, wider communication and training in dimensional approaches is needed for individuals working in mental health. This will require clear demonstrations of incremental treatment efficacy and structured public health rebates. Third, we should embrace cultural and geographic diversity, and investigate how unifying humanity may reduce the stigma and shame currently generated by arbitrarily labeling an individual's personality as normal or abnormal. This review aims to organize ongoing research efforts toward broader and routine usage of dimensional perspectives within research and clinical spaces. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10028270/ /pubmed/36960458 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1098452 Text en Copyright © 2023 Monaghan and Bizumic. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Monaghan, Conal
Bizumic, Boris
Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities
title Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities
title_full Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities
title_fullStr Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities
title_full_unstemmed Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities
title_short Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities
title_sort dimensional models of personality disorders: challenges and opportunities
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10028270/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36960458
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1098452
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