Analysis of nutritional status and influencing factors in patients with thoracoabdominal aortic dissection receiving 3D printing-assisted stent graft fenestration

BACKGROUND: To investigate the nutritional status of patients with aortic dissection (AD) treated with using 3D printing-assisted stent graft fenestration and explore the important factors affecting the nutrition status of patients with different numbers of fenestrations (holes). METHODS: Ninety-nine hospitalized patients with AD in a grade A tertiary hospital in Nanjing from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects. According to the different number of fenestrations, the patients were divided into four groups: one fenestration (group A), two fenestrations (group B), three fenestrations (group C) and four fenestrations (group D); and the nutrition status of patients in the four groups was analyzed. Then, according to whether the calories provided via infusion reached the 80% goal calories (25 kcal/kg/day) on postoperative day 5, the patients were assigned to the Reached group and Not reached group, and their inflammatory parameters, including white blood cell (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP), on postoperative days 1 and 5 were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with patients in group B (18.8%), C (19.4%) and D (6.7%), patients in group A (48.6%) had the highest rate of reaching the nutrition requirement (80% goal calories). Further, in the Reached group, WBC count and CRP concentration were significantly reduced on postoperative day 5 compared with postoperative day 1, and the proportion of patients with abnormal WBC count was significantly decreased. In contrast, although the CRP concentration on postoperative day 5 in the Not reached group was significantly lower than that on postoperative day 1, no significant changes in WBC count were observed. CONCLUSION: In 3D printing-assisted stent graft fenestration for AD, multiple fenestrations (holes) were associated with a low rate of reaching nutrition requirements, which might be related to imflammation. Therefore, effective nutritional support should be given to patients with multiple fenestrations after operation to improve their nutritional status and prognosis.