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Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system

Current research on the virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii is mainly conducted via experiments, and studies using mathematical models are still limited. Here, we constructed a complex cycle model of T. gondii in a multi‐host system considering multiple transmission routes and cat‐mouse interac...

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Autores principales: Wang, Mengyue, Jiang, Wen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10033858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36969145
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.13530
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author Wang, Mengyue
Jiang, Wen
author_facet Wang, Mengyue
Jiang, Wen
author_sort Wang, Mengyue
collection PubMed
description Current research on the virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii is mainly conducted via experiments, and studies using mathematical models are still limited. Here, we constructed a complex cycle model of T. gondii in a multi‐host system considering multiple transmission routes and cat‐mouse interaction. Based on this model, we studied how the virulence of T. gondii evolves with the factors related to transmission routes and the regulation of infection on host behavior under an adaptive dynamics framework. The study shows that all factors that enhance the role of mice favored decreased virulence of T. gondii, except the decay rate of oocysts that led to different evolutionary trajectories under different vertical transmission. The same was true of the environmental infection rate of cats, whose effect was different under different vertical transmission. The effect of the regulation factor on the virulence evolution of T. gondii was the same as that of the inherent predation rate depending on its net effect on direct and vertical transmissions. The global sensitivity analysis on the evolutionary outcome suggests that changing the vertical infection rate and decay rate was most effective in regulating the virulence of T. gondii. Furthermore, the presence of coinfection would favor virulent T. gondii and make evolutionary bifurcation easy to occur. The results reveal that the virulence evolution of T. gondii had a compromise between adapting to different transmission routes and maintaining the cat‐mouse interaction thereby leading to different evolutionary scenarios. This highlights the significance of evolutionary ecological feedback to evolution. In addition, the qualitative verification of T. gondii virulence evolution in different areas by the present framework will provide a new perspective for the study of evolution.
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spelling pubmed-100338582023-03-24 Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system Wang, Mengyue Jiang, Wen Evol Appl Original Articles Current research on the virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii is mainly conducted via experiments, and studies using mathematical models are still limited. Here, we constructed a complex cycle model of T. gondii in a multi‐host system considering multiple transmission routes and cat‐mouse interaction. Based on this model, we studied how the virulence of T. gondii evolves with the factors related to transmission routes and the regulation of infection on host behavior under an adaptive dynamics framework. The study shows that all factors that enhance the role of mice favored decreased virulence of T. gondii, except the decay rate of oocysts that led to different evolutionary trajectories under different vertical transmission. The same was true of the environmental infection rate of cats, whose effect was different under different vertical transmission. The effect of the regulation factor on the virulence evolution of T. gondii was the same as that of the inherent predation rate depending on its net effect on direct and vertical transmissions. The global sensitivity analysis on the evolutionary outcome suggests that changing the vertical infection rate and decay rate was most effective in regulating the virulence of T. gondii. Furthermore, the presence of coinfection would favor virulent T. gondii and make evolutionary bifurcation easy to occur. The results reveal that the virulence evolution of T. gondii had a compromise between adapting to different transmission routes and maintaining the cat‐mouse interaction thereby leading to different evolutionary scenarios. This highlights the significance of evolutionary ecological feedback to evolution. In addition, the qualitative verification of T. gondii virulence evolution in different areas by the present framework will provide a new perspective for the study of evolution. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10033858/ /pubmed/36969145 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.13530 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Wang, Mengyue
Jiang, Wen
Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
title Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
title_full Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
title_fullStr Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
title_full_unstemmed Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
title_short Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
title_sort virulence evolution of toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10033858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36969145
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.13530
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