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Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect

BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of 2.5-μm particulate matter (PM(2.5)) exposure on public health have become an increasing concern worldwide. However, epidemiological findings on the effects of PM(2.5)-bound metals on children's respiratory health are limited and inconsistent because PM(2.5) is...

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Autores principales: Zheng, Yi, Chen, Sili, Chen, Yuyang, Li, Jingye, Xu, Binhe, Shi, Tongxing, Yang, Qiaoyuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10033947/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36969623
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1137933
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author Zheng, Yi
Chen, Sili
Chen, Yuyang
Li, Jingye
Xu, Binhe
Shi, Tongxing
Yang, Qiaoyuan
author_facet Zheng, Yi
Chen, Sili
Chen, Yuyang
Li, Jingye
Xu, Binhe
Shi, Tongxing
Yang, Qiaoyuan
author_sort Zheng, Yi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of 2.5-μm particulate matter (PM(2.5)) exposure on public health have become an increasing concern worldwide. However, epidemiological findings on the effects of PM(2.5)-bound metals on children's respiratory health are limited and inconsistent because PM(2.5) is a complicated mixture. OBJECTIVES: Given the vulnerability of children's respiratory system, aim to pediatric respiratory health, this study evaluated the potential sources, health risks, and acute health effects of ambient PM(2.5)-bound metals among children in Guangzhou, China from January 2017 to December 2019. METHODS: Potential sources of PM(2.5)-bound metals were detected using positive matrix factorization (PMF). A health risk assessment was conducted to investigate the inhalation risk of PM(2.5)-bound metals in children. The associations between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory outpatient visits were examined with a quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM). RESULTS: During 2017–2019, the daily mean concentrations of PM(2.5) was 53.39 μg/m(3), and the daily mean concentrations of PM(2.5)-bound metals range 0.03 ng/m(3) [thorium (Th) and beryllium (Be)] from to 396.40 ng/m(3) [iron (Fe)]. PM(2.5)-bound metals were mainly contributed by motor vehicles and street dust. PM(2.5)-bound arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr)(VI), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) were found to pose a carcinogenic risk (CR). A quasi-Poisson GAM was constructed that showed there were significant associations between PM(2.5) concentrations and pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. PM(2.5) was significantly associated with pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. Moreover, with a 10 μg/m(3) increase in Ni, Cr(VI), Ni, and As concentrations, the corresponding pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases increased by 2.89% (95% CI: 2.28–3.50%), acute upper respiratory infections (AURIs) increased by 2.74% (2.13–3.35%), influenza and pneumonia (FLU&PN) increased by 23.36% (20.09–26.72%), and acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) increased by 16.86% (15.16–18.60%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that PM(2.5) and PM(2.5)-bound As, Cd, Co, Cr(VI), Ni, and Pb had adverse effects on pediatric respiratory health during the study period. New strategies are required to decrease the production of PM(2.5) and PM(2.5)-bound metals by motor vehicles and to reduce levels of street dust to reduce children's exposure to these pollutants and thereby increase child health.
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spelling pubmed-100339472023-03-24 Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect Zheng, Yi Chen, Sili Chen, Yuyang Li, Jingye Xu, Binhe Shi, Tongxing Yang, Qiaoyuan Front Public Health Public Health BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of 2.5-μm particulate matter (PM(2.5)) exposure on public health have become an increasing concern worldwide. However, epidemiological findings on the effects of PM(2.5)-bound metals on children's respiratory health are limited and inconsistent because PM(2.5) is a complicated mixture. OBJECTIVES: Given the vulnerability of children's respiratory system, aim to pediatric respiratory health, this study evaluated the potential sources, health risks, and acute health effects of ambient PM(2.5)-bound metals among children in Guangzhou, China from January 2017 to December 2019. METHODS: Potential sources of PM(2.5)-bound metals were detected using positive matrix factorization (PMF). A health risk assessment was conducted to investigate the inhalation risk of PM(2.5)-bound metals in children. The associations between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory outpatient visits were examined with a quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM). RESULTS: During 2017–2019, the daily mean concentrations of PM(2.5) was 53.39 μg/m(3), and the daily mean concentrations of PM(2.5)-bound metals range 0.03 ng/m(3) [thorium (Th) and beryllium (Be)] from to 396.40 ng/m(3) [iron (Fe)]. PM(2.5)-bound metals were mainly contributed by motor vehicles and street dust. PM(2.5)-bound arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr)(VI), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) were found to pose a carcinogenic risk (CR). A quasi-Poisson GAM was constructed that showed there were significant associations between PM(2.5) concentrations and pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. PM(2.5) was significantly associated with pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. Moreover, with a 10 μg/m(3) increase in Ni, Cr(VI), Ni, and As concentrations, the corresponding pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases increased by 2.89% (95% CI: 2.28–3.50%), acute upper respiratory infections (AURIs) increased by 2.74% (2.13–3.35%), influenza and pneumonia (FLU&PN) increased by 23.36% (20.09–26.72%), and acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) increased by 16.86% (15.16–18.60%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that PM(2.5) and PM(2.5)-bound As, Cd, Co, Cr(VI), Ni, and Pb had adverse effects on pediatric respiratory health during the study period. New strategies are required to decrease the production of PM(2.5) and PM(2.5)-bound metals by motor vehicles and to reduce levels of street dust to reduce children's exposure to these pollutants and thereby increase child health. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10033947/ /pubmed/36969623 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1137933 Text en Copyright © 2023 Zheng, Chen, Chen, Li, Xu, Shi and Yang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Zheng, Yi
Chen, Sili
Chen, Yuyang
Li, Jingye
Xu, Binhe
Shi, Tongxing
Yang, Qiaoyuan
Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect
title Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect
title_full Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect
title_fullStr Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect
title_full_unstemmed Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect
title_short Association between PM(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in Guangzhou: An ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect
title_sort association between pm(2.5)-bound metals and pediatric respiratory health in guangzhou: an ecological study investigating source, health risk, and effect
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10033947/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36969623
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1137933
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