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The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system
Changes in ambient temperature affect all biological processes. However, these effects are process specific and often vary non-linearly. It is thus a non-trivial problem for neuronal circuits to maintain coordinated, functional output across a range of temperatures. The cardiac nervous systems in tw...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10034192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36968508 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1113843 |
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author | Powell, Daniel J. Owens, Elizabeth Bergsund, Marie M. Cooper, Maren Newstein, Peter Berner, Emily Janmohamed, Rania Dickinson, Patsy S. |
author_facet | Powell, Daniel J. Owens, Elizabeth Bergsund, Marie M. Cooper, Maren Newstein, Peter Berner, Emily Janmohamed, Rania Dickinson, Patsy S. |
author_sort | Powell, Daniel J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Changes in ambient temperature affect all biological processes. However, these effects are process specific and often vary non-linearly. It is thus a non-trivial problem for neuronal circuits to maintain coordinated, functional output across a range of temperatures. The cardiac nervous systems in two species of decapod crustaceans, Homarus americanus and Cancer borealis, can maintain function across a wide but physiologically relevant temperature range. However, the processes that underlie temperature resilience in neuronal circuits and muscle systems are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the non-isolated cardiac nervous system (i.e., the whole heart: neurons, effector organs, intrinsic feedback systems) in the American lobster, H. americanus, is more sensitive to warm temperatures than the isolated cardiac ganglion (CG) that controls the heartbeat. This was surprising as modulatory processes known to stabilize the output from the CG are absent when the ganglion is isolated. One source of inhibitory feedback in the intact cardiac neuromuscular system is nitric oxide (NO), which is released in response to heart contractions. We hypothesized that the greater temperature tolerance observed in the isolated CG is due to the absence of NO feedback. Here, we demonstrate that applying an NO donor to the isolated CG reduces its temperature tolerance. Similarly, we show that the NO synthase inhibitor L-nitroarginine (LNA) increases the temperature tolerance of the non-isolated nervous system. This is sufficient to explain differences in temperature tolerance between the isolated CG and the whole heart. However, in an intact lobster, the heart and CG are modulated by an array of endogenous peptides and hormones, many of which are positive regulators of the heartbeat. Many studies have demonstrated that excitatory modulators increase temperature resilience. However, this neuromuscular system is regulated by both excitatory and inhibitory peptide modulators. Perfusing SGRNFLRFamide, a FLRFamide-like peptide, through the heart increases the non-isolated nervous system’s tolerance to high temperatures. In contrast, perfusing myosuppressin, a peptide that negatively regulates the heartbeat frequency, decreases the temperature tolerance. Our data suggest that, in this nervous system, positive regulators of neural output increase temperature tolerance of the neuromuscular system, while modulators that decrease neural output decrease temperature tolerance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10034192 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100341922023-03-24 The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system Powell, Daniel J. Owens, Elizabeth Bergsund, Marie M. Cooper, Maren Newstein, Peter Berner, Emily Janmohamed, Rania Dickinson, Patsy S. Front Neurosci Neuroscience Changes in ambient temperature affect all biological processes. However, these effects are process specific and often vary non-linearly. It is thus a non-trivial problem for neuronal circuits to maintain coordinated, functional output across a range of temperatures. The cardiac nervous systems in two species of decapod crustaceans, Homarus americanus and Cancer borealis, can maintain function across a wide but physiologically relevant temperature range. However, the processes that underlie temperature resilience in neuronal circuits and muscle systems are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the non-isolated cardiac nervous system (i.e., the whole heart: neurons, effector organs, intrinsic feedback systems) in the American lobster, H. americanus, is more sensitive to warm temperatures than the isolated cardiac ganglion (CG) that controls the heartbeat. This was surprising as modulatory processes known to stabilize the output from the CG are absent when the ganglion is isolated. One source of inhibitory feedback in the intact cardiac neuromuscular system is nitric oxide (NO), which is released in response to heart contractions. We hypothesized that the greater temperature tolerance observed in the isolated CG is due to the absence of NO feedback. Here, we demonstrate that applying an NO donor to the isolated CG reduces its temperature tolerance. Similarly, we show that the NO synthase inhibitor L-nitroarginine (LNA) increases the temperature tolerance of the non-isolated nervous system. This is sufficient to explain differences in temperature tolerance between the isolated CG and the whole heart. However, in an intact lobster, the heart and CG are modulated by an array of endogenous peptides and hormones, many of which are positive regulators of the heartbeat. Many studies have demonstrated that excitatory modulators increase temperature resilience. However, this neuromuscular system is regulated by both excitatory and inhibitory peptide modulators. Perfusing SGRNFLRFamide, a FLRFamide-like peptide, through the heart increases the non-isolated nervous system’s tolerance to high temperatures. In contrast, perfusing myosuppressin, a peptide that negatively regulates the heartbeat frequency, decreases the temperature tolerance. Our data suggest that, in this nervous system, positive regulators of neural output increase temperature tolerance of the neuromuscular system, while modulators that decrease neural output decrease temperature tolerance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10034192/ /pubmed/36968508 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1113843 Text en Copyright © 2023 Powell, Owens, Bergsund, Cooper, Newstein, Berner, Janmohamed and Dickinson. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Powell, Daniel J. Owens, Elizabeth Bergsund, Marie M. Cooper, Maren Newstein, Peter Berner, Emily Janmohamed, Rania Dickinson, Patsy S. The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system |
title | The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system |
title_full | The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system |
title_fullStr | The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system |
title_short | The role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system |
title_sort | role of feedback and modulation in determining temperature resiliency in the lobster cardiac nervous system |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10034192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36968508 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1113843 |
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