Evaluation of Lung Functions, Blood Pressure, and Hearing Deterioration in Tile Setters

Introduction: Tile setters in construction industries are exposed to a potent risk of silicosis as they are constantly exposed to crystalline silica dust during concrete finishing, cutting and fixing of the ceramic tiles. The noise produced by instruments used in tile settings may lead to noise-induced hearing loss. Noise above the permissible limit of 85 dB may lead to autonomic changes and alteration in blood pressure. These facts gave us an impetus to evaluate the pulmonary functions, blood pressure and hearing deterioration in tile setters and correlate these parameters for their present functional status with duration of exposure to tile cutting profession. Methods: The pulmonary functions were evaluated with spirometer, autonomic status by recording the blood pressure and hearing loss by calculating the Hearing Deterioration Index (HDI) for hearing loss. Results: There was significant decline in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume 1 sec (FEV1) and forced expiratory volume 1% (FEV1%) in tile setters. The decline in FVC, FEV1 and FEV1% was significantly higher in subjects with exposure of more than five years. There was increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure in those having more than five years of exposure in the tile setting profession as compared to less than five years. There was a positive correlation between years of service in the tile setting profession as well as sound exposure level with HDI and blood pressure in our subjects. Conclusion: Prolonged exposure to the tile setting profession may lead to compromised lung function, hypertension and hearing deterioration in tile setters.