Qualitative and quantitative analyses of artificial intelligence ethics in education using VOSviewer and CitNetExplorer

The new decade has been witnessing the wide acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, followed by serious concerns about its ethics. This study examined the essence and principles of AI ethics used in education, as well as the bibliometric analysis of AI ethics for educational purposes. The clustering techniques of VOSviewer (n = 880) led the author to reveal the top 10 authors, sources, organizations, and countries in the research of AI ethics in education. The analysis of clustering solution through CitNetExplorer (n = 841) concluded that the essence of AI ethics for educational purposes included deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue, while the principles of AI ethics in education included transparency, justice, fairness, equity, non-maleficence, responsibility, and privacy. Future research could consider the influence of AI interpretability on AI ethics in education because the ability to interpret the AI decisions could help judge whether the decision is consistent with ethical criteria.