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How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review

BACKGROUND: Despite the large number of pigs involved in translational studies, no gold standard depth of anaesthesia indicators are available. We undertook a scoping review to investigate and summarize the evidence that sustains or contradicts the use of depth of anaesthesia indicators in this spec...

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Autores principales: Mirra, Alessandro, Gamez Maidanskaia, Ekaterina, Carmo, Luís Pedro, Levionnois, Olivier, Spadavecchia, Claudia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035875/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36952576
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283511
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author Mirra, Alessandro
Gamez Maidanskaia, Ekaterina
Carmo, Luís Pedro
Levionnois, Olivier
Spadavecchia, Claudia
author_facet Mirra, Alessandro
Gamez Maidanskaia, Ekaterina
Carmo, Luís Pedro
Levionnois, Olivier
Spadavecchia, Claudia
author_sort Mirra, Alessandro
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Despite the large number of pigs involved in translational studies, no gold standard depth of anaesthesia indicators are available. We undertook a scoping review to investigate and summarize the evidence that sustains or contradicts the use of depth of anaesthesia indicators in this species. METHODS: Medline, Embase and CAB abstract were searched up to September 22(nd) 2022. No limits were set for time, language and study type. Only original articles of in vivo studies using pigs or minipigs undergoing general anaesthesia were included. The depth of anaesthesia indicators reported in the selected papers were divided in two categories: A, indicators purposely investigated as method to assess depth of anaesthesia; B, indicators reported but not investigated as method to assess depth of anaesthesia. RESULTS: Out of 13792 papers found, 105 were included after the screening process. Category A: 17 depth of anaesthesia indicators were found in 19 papers. Studies were conducted using inhalant anaesthetics as the main anaesthetic agent in the majority of the cases (13/19 = 68.4%), while 3/19 (15.8%) used propofol. The most investigated depth of anaesthesia indicators were bispectral index (8/19 = 42.1%) and spectral edge frequency 95% (5/19 = 26.3%). Contrasting results about the specific usefulness of each depth of anaesthesia indicators were reported. Category B: 23 depth of anaesthesia indicators were found in 92 papers. The most reported depth of anaesthesia indicators were: motor response following a stimulus (37/92 = 40.2%), depth of anaesthesia scores (21/92 = 23.3%), bispectral index (16/92 = 17.8%) and spectral edge frequency 95% (9/92 = 9.8%). CONCLUSION: Results highlight the lack of scientifically valid and reliable indicators to ensure adequate depth of anaesthesia in pigs.
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spelling pubmed-100358752023-03-24 How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review Mirra, Alessandro Gamez Maidanskaia, Ekaterina Carmo, Luís Pedro Levionnois, Olivier Spadavecchia, Claudia PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Despite the large number of pigs involved in translational studies, no gold standard depth of anaesthesia indicators are available. We undertook a scoping review to investigate and summarize the evidence that sustains or contradicts the use of depth of anaesthesia indicators in this species. METHODS: Medline, Embase and CAB abstract were searched up to September 22(nd) 2022. No limits were set for time, language and study type. Only original articles of in vivo studies using pigs or minipigs undergoing general anaesthesia were included. The depth of anaesthesia indicators reported in the selected papers were divided in two categories: A, indicators purposely investigated as method to assess depth of anaesthesia; B, indicators reported but not investigated as method to assess depth of anaesthesia. RESULTS: Out of 13792 papers found, 105 were included after the screening process. Category A: 17 depth of anaesthesia indicators were found in 19 papers. Studies were conducted using inhalant anaesthetics as the main anaesthetic agent in the majority of the cases (13/19 = 68.4%), while 3/19 (15.8%) used propofol. The most investigated depth of anaesthesia indicators were bispectral index (8/19 = 42.1%) and spectral edge frequency 95% (5/19 = 26.3%). Contrasting results about the specific usefulness of each depth of anaesthesia indicators were reported. Category B: 23 depth of anaesthesia indicators were found in 92 papers. The most reported depth of anaesthesia indicators were: motor response following a stimulus (37/92 = 40.2%), depth of anaesthesia scores (21/92 = 23.3%), bispectral index (16/92 = 17.8%) and spectral edge frequency 95% (9/92 = 9.8%). CONCLUSION: Results highlight the lack of scientifically valid and reliable indicators to ensure adequate depth of anaesthesia in pigs. Public Library of Science 2023-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10035875/ /pubmed/36952576 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283511 Text en © 2023 Mirra et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mirra, Alessandro
Gamez Maidanskaia, Ekaterina
Carmo, Luís Pedro
Levionnois, Olivier
Spadavecchia, Claudia
How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review
title How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review
title_full How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review
title_fullStr How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review
title_full_unstemmed How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review
title_short How is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? A scoping review
title_sort how is depth of anaesthesia assessed in experimental pigs? a scoping review
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035875/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36952576
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283511
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