Right amygdala–right precuneus connectivity is associated with childhood trauma in major depression patients and healthy controls

The present study investigated the effect of childhood trauma (CT) on amygdala and hippocampus functional connectivity (FC) and the association with clinical presentations of major depressive disorder (MDD). Participants included 73 MDD patients (42 with moderate-to-severe CT and 31 with no or low CT) and 64 healthy controls (HC; 30 with moderate-to-severe CT and 34 with no or low CT). Seed-based whole-brain resting-state FC analyses were performed with seeds located in amygdala and hippocampus. Individuals with moderate-to-severe CT, irrespective of MDD diagnosis, had decreased right amygdala–right precuneus connectivity compared to those with no or low CT. Right amygdala–right precuneus connectivity was significantly correlated with physical and social trait anhedonia in MDD. Mediation effects of this FC on relationship between CT (specifically neglect but not abuse) and trait anhedonia in MDD were significant. MDD patients demonstrated increased right amygdala–left middle frontal gyrus FC, decreased right amygdala–right medial superior frontal gyrus (mSFG) FC and decreased right hippocampus–bilateral mSFG FC relative to HC. Findings highlight the effect of CT on right amygdala–right precuneus FC irrespective of MDD diagnosis. FC of right amygdala–right precuneus may be involved in the mechanism linking CT and depression through its association with trait anhedonia.