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Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones

BACKGROUND: BASHTI is an implant-less anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique, which resolves the problems caused by implants such as interference screws. This study aims to investigate the effect of the drill bit and tendon’s diameter on the Core Bone Engaged Length (CBEL) and the...

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Autores principales: Moeinnia, Hadi, Nourani, Amir, Mohseni, Mahdi, Borjali, Amirhossein, Ghias, Narges, Korani, Hossein, Chizari, Mahmoud
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10039572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36964514
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06311-2
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author Moeinnia, Hadi
Nourani, Amir
Mohseni, Mahdi
Borjali, Amirhossein
Ghias, Narges
Korani, Hossein
Chizari, Mahmoud
author_facet Moeinnia, Hadi
Nourani, Amir
Mohseni, Mahdi
Borjali, Amirhossein
Ghias, Narges
Korani, Hossein
Chizari, Mahmoud
author_sort Moeinnia, Hadi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: BASHTI is an implant-less anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique, which resolves the problems caused by implants such as interference screws. This study aims to investigate the effect of the drill bit and tendon’s diameter on the Core Bone Engaged Length (CBEL) and the fixation strength. CBEL is the length of core bone which has a full engagement with both tunnel and graft at the same time. METHODS: 60 in-vitro tests were conducted for 6, 7, 8, and 9 mm tendon sizes with a 10 mm bone tunnel. In this study bovine tendons and dummy bone blocks were used to model the fixation. Drill bits were used to extract the core bone for securing the auto-graft. A three-stage tensile test including a force-controlled cyclical preloading of 10–50 N with a frequency of 0.1 Hz for 10 cycles, followed by the main force-controlled cyclical loading of 50–200 N with a frequency of 0.5 Hz for 150 cycles, and immediately a displacement-controlled single cycle pull-out load with a rate of 20 mm/min were carried out to discover the fixation strength of each sample. RESULTS: The 6 mm group had the greatest CBEL. However, all cases in this group failed in loadings below 200 N, which is the minimum required strength after ACL reconstruction. The fixation strength of cases with more than 200 N fixation strength for 7, 8, and 9 mm tendon diameters were 275 ± 42, 330 ± 110, and 348 ± 93 N, respectively, showing insignificant difference between groups (P-value = 0.45). Nevertheless, CBELs for these groups were 16.6 ± 3.4, 9.6 ± 2.4, and 11.7 ± 3.8 mm, respectively, implying a significant increase in CBEL in the 7 mm group than that for 8 and 9 mm groups (P-value = 0.002 and 0.049, respectively). CONCLUSION: Results showed that CBEL could assess the quality of BASHTI technique. However, CBEL was an inverse function of tendon compression, so it was not an independent parameter to determine BASHTI strength. Also, the CBEL of 7 mm group which fulfilled the 200 N threshold was higher than that of 8 and 9 mm groups, so its healing process speed may be higher, which is recommended for a future study in this field.
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spelling pubmed-100395722023-03-26 Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones Moeinnia, Hadi Nourani, Amir Mohseni, Mahdi Borjali, Amirhossein Ghias, Narges Korani, Hossein Chizari, Mahmoud BMC Musculoskelet Disord Research BACKGROUND: BASHTI is an implant-less anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique, which resolves the problems caused by implants such as interference screws. This study aims to investigate the effect of the drill bit and tendon’s diameter on the Core Bone Engaged Length (CBEL) and the fixation strength. CBEL is the length of core bone which has a full engagement with both tunnel and graft at the same time. METHODS: 60 in-vitro tests were conducted for 6, 7, 8, and 9 mm tendon sizes with a 10 mm bone tunnel. In this study bovine tendons and dummy bone blocks were used to model the fixation. Drill bits were used to extract the core bone for securing the auto-graft. A three-stage tensile test including a force-controlled cyclical preloading of 10–50 N with a frequency of 0.1 Hz for 10 cycles, followed by the main force-controlled cyclical loading of 50–200 N with a frequency of 0.5 Hz for 150 cycles, and immediately a displacement-controlled single cycle pull-out load with a rate of 20 mm/min were carried out to discover the fixation strength of each sample. RESULTS: The 6 mm group had the greatest CBEL. However, all cases in this group failed in loadings below 200 N, which is the minimum required strength after ACL reconstruction. The fixation strength of cases with more than 200 N fixation strength for 7, 8, and 9 mm tendon diameters were 275 ± 42, 330 ± 110, and 348 ± 93 N, respectively, showing insignificant difference between groups (P-value = 0.45). Nevertheless, CBELs for these groups were 16.6 ± 3.4, 9.6 ± 2.4, and 11.7 ± 3.8 mm, respectively, implying a significant increase in CBEL in the 7 mm group than that for 8 and 9 mm groups (P-value = 0.002 and 0.049, respectively). CONCLUSION: Results showed that CBEL could assess the quality of BASHTI technique. However, CBEL was an inverse function of tendon compression, so it was not an independent parameter to determine BASHTI strength. Also, the CBEL of 7 mm group which fulfilled the 200 N threshold was higher than that of 8 and 9 mm groups, so its healing process speed may be higher, which is recommended for a future study in this field. BioMed Central 2023-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10039572/ /pubmed/36964514 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06311-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Moeinnia, Hadi
Nourani, Amir
Mohseni, Mahdi
Borjali, Amirhossein
Ghias, Narges
Korani, Hossein
Chizari, Mahmoud
Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones
title Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones
title_full Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones
title_fullStr Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones
title_full_unstemmed Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones
title_short Effect of the core bone engaged length on the BASHTI fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones
title_sort effect of the core bone engaged length on the bashti fixation strength, an in-vitro study on bovine tendons using identical-density surrogate bones
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10039572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36964514
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06311-2
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