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The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness

The introduction of (fully) automated vehicles has generated a re-interest in motion sickness, given that passengers suffer much more from motion sickness compared to car drivers. A suggested solution is to improve the anticipation of passive self-motion via cues that alert passengers of changes in...

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Autores principales: Reuten, A. J. C., Smeets, J. B. J., Rausch, J., Martens, M. H., Schmidt, E. A., Bos, J. E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36971821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-023-06596-8
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author Reuten, A. J. C.
Smeets, J. B. J.
Rausch, J.
Martens, M. H.
Schmidt, E. A.
Bos, J. E.
author_facet Reuten, A. J. C.
Smeets, J. B. J.
Rausch, J.
Martens, M. H.
Schmidt, E. A.
Bos, J. E.
author_sort Reuten, A. J. C.
collection PubMed
description The introduction of (fully) automated vehicles has generated a re-interest in motion sickness, given that passengers suffer much more from motion sickness compared to car drivers. A suggested solution is to improve the anticipation of passive self-motion via cues that alert passengers of changes in the upcoming motion trajectory. We already know that auditory or visual cues can mitigate motion sickness. In this study, we used anticipatory vibrotactile cues that do not interfere with the (audio)visual tasks passengers may want to perform. We wanted to investigate (1) whether anticipatory vibrotactile cues mitigate motion sickness, and (2) whether the timing of the cue is of influence. We therefore exposed participants to four sessions on a linear sled with displacements unpredictable in motion onset. In three sessions, an anticipatory cue was presented 0.33, 1, or 3 s prior to the onset of forward motion. Using a new pre-registered measure, we quantified the reduction in motion sickness across multiple sickness scores in these sessions relative to a control session. Under the chosen experimental conditions, our results did not show a significant mitigation of motion sickness by the anticipatory vibrotactile cues, irrespective of their timing. Participants yet indicated that the cues were helpful. Considering that motion sickness is influenced by the unpredictability of displacements, vibrotactile cues may mitigate sickness when motions have more (unpredictable) variability than those studied here. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00221-023-06596-8.
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spelling pubmed-100421122023-03-28 The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness Reuten, A. J. C. Smeets, J. B. J. Rausch, J. Martens, M. H. Schmidt, E. A. Bos, J. E. Exp Brain Res Research Article The introduction of (fully) automated vehicles has generated a re-interest in motion sickness, given that passengers suffer much more from motion sickness compared to car drivers. A suggested solution is to improve the anticipation of passive self-motion via cues that alert passengers of changes in the upcoming motion trajectory. We already know that auditory or visual cues can mitigate motion sickness. In this study, we used anticipatory vibrotactile cues that do not interfere with the (audio)visual tasks passengers may want to perform. We wanted to investigate (1) whether anticipatory vibrotactile cues mitigate motion sickness, and (2) whether the timing of the cue is of influence. We therefore exposed participants to four sessions on a linear sled with displacements unpredictable in motion onset. In three sessions, an anticipatory cue was presented 0.33, 1, or 3 s prior to the onset of forward motion. Using a new pre-registered measure, we quantified the reduction in motion sickness across multiple sickness scores in these sessions relative to a control session. Under the chosen experimental conditions, our results did not show a significant mitigation of motion sickness by the anticipatory vibrotactile cues, irrespective of their timing. Participants yet indicated that the cues were helpful. Considering that motion sickness is influenced by the unpredictability of displacements, vibrotactile cues may mitigate sickness when motions have more (unpredictable) variability than those studied here. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00221-023-06596-8. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2023-03-27 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10042112/ /pubmed/36971821 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-023-06596-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Reuten, A. J. C.
Smeets, J. B. J.
Rausch, J.
Martens, M. H.
Schmidt, E. A.
Bos, J. E.
The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness
title The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness
title_full The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness
title_fullStr The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness
title_full_unstemmed The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness
title_short The (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness
title_sort (in)effectiveness of anticipatory vibrotactile cues in mitigating motion sickness
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36971821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-023-06596-8
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