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Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India

Background and objectives The second wave of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) had several severe consequences in the form of rising cases, deaths, and overwhelming health infrastructure in India. However, the similarities and differences between the characteristics of the first and second waves hav...

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Autores principales: Dogra, Atika, Krishna, Vidya, Parkash, Anuj, Mehta, Anurag, Varma, Tarun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36994249
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.35386
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author Dogra, Atika
Krishna, Vidya
Parkash, Anuj
Mehta, Anurag
Varma, Tarun
author_facet Dogra, Atika
Krishna, Vidya
Parkash, Anuj
Mehta, Anurag
Varma, Tarun
author_sort Dogra, Atika
collection PubMed
description Background and objectives The second wave of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) had several severe consequences in the form of rising cases, deaths, and overwhelming health infrastructure in India. However, the similarities and differences between the characteristics of the first and second waves have yet to be explained. The objectives of the study were to compare the incidence, clinical management, and mortality rates between two waves. Methods The COVID-19 data collated from Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi between the first wave (1 April 2020 to 27 February 2021) and second wave (1 March 2021 to 30 June 2021) were evaluated in terms of incidence, the clinical course of the disease, and mortality rates. Results The number of subjects hospitalized in the first and second waves was 289 and 564, respectively. Compared to the first wave, the proportion of patients with severe disease was higher (9.7% vs. 37.8%). Several parameters such as age group, grade of disease, the reason for hospitalization, values of peripheral oxygen saturation, type of respiratory support, response to therapy, vital status, and others show statistically significant differences between the two waves (P<0.001). The mortality rate in the second wave was significantly higher (20.2% vs. 2.4%, P<0.001) than in the first wave. Interpretation and conclusions The clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 significantly differ between the first and second waves. There is a higher incidence of hospitalized patients (66.1% vs. 33.9%) with drastically increased case fatality rate in the second wave. Disease severity in the first wave is four times lower than in the second wave. The second wave was quite devastating, which led to the shortage of critical care facilities and the loss of a significant number of lives.
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spelling pubmed-100425232023-03-28 Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India Dogra, Atika Krishna, Vidya Parkash, Anuj Mehta, Anurag Varma, Tarun Cureus Infectious Disease Background and objectives The second wave of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) had several severe consequences in the form of rising cases, deaths, and overwhelming health infrastructure in India. However, the similarities and differences between the characteristics of the first and second waves have yet to be explained. The objectives of the study were to compare the incidence, clinical management, and mortality rates between two waves. Methods The COVID-19 data collated from Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi between the first wave (1 April 2020 to 27 February 2021) and second wave (1 March 2021 to 30 June 2021) were evaluated in terms of incidence, the clinical course of the disease, and mortality rates. Results The number of subjects hospitalized in the first and second waves was 289 and 564, respectively. Compared to the first wave, the proportion of patients with severe disease was higher (9.7% vs. 37.8%). Several parameters such as age group, grade of disease, the reason for hospitalization, values of peripheral oxygen saturation, type of respiratory support, response to therapy, vital status, and others show statistically significant differences between the two waves (P<0.001). The mortality rate in the second wave was significantly higher (20.2% vs. 2.4%, P<0.001) than in the first wave. Interpretation and conclusions The clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 significantly differ between the first and second waves. There is a higher incidence of hospitalized patients (66.1% vs. 33.9%) with drastically increased case fatality rate in the second wave. Disease severity in the first wave is four times lower than in the second wave. The second wave was quite devastating, which led to the shortage of critical care facilities and the loss of a significant number of lives. Cureus 2023-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10042523/ /pubmed/36994249 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.35386 Text en Copyright © 2023, Dogra et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Infectious Disease
Dogra, Atika
Krishna, Vidya
Parkash, Anuj
Mehta, Anurag
Varma, Tarun
Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India
title Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India
title_full Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India
title_fullStr Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India
title_short Evaluation of Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Between First Wave and Second Wave: Study From a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre, Delhi, India
title_sort evaluation of characteristics and outcomes of covid-19 between first wave and second wave: study from a tertiary cancer care centre, delhi, india
topic Infectious Disease
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36994249
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.35386
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