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Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine
Indonesia is one of the countries in the world that has been utilizing geothermal as a renewable energy source to generate electricity. Depending on the geological setting, geothermal brine possesses critical elements worthwhile to extract. One of the critical elements is lithium which is interestin...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10044115/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37288451 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40831-023-00664-7 |
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author | Tangkas, I. Wayan Christ Widhi Herman Sujoto, Vincent Sutresno Hadi Astuti, Widi Jenie, Siti Nurul Aisyiyah Anggara, Ferian Utama, Andhika Putera Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Sutijan |
author_facet | Tangkas, I. Wayan Christ Widhi Herman Sujoto, Vincent Sutresno Hadi Astuti, Widi Jenie, Siti Nurul Aisyiyah Anggara, Ferian Utama, Andhika Putera Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Sutijan |
author_sort | Tangkas, I. Wayan Christ Widhi Herman |
collection | PubMed |
description | Indonesia is one of the countries in the world that has been utilizing geothermal as a renewable energy source to generate electricity. Depending on the geological setting, geothermal brine possesses critical elements worthwhile to extract. One of the critical elements is lithium which is interesting in being processed as raw material for the battery industries. This study thoroughly presented titanium oxide material for lithium recovery from artificial geothermal brine and the effect of Li/Ti mole ratio, temperature, and solution pH. The precursors were synthesized using TiO(2) and Li(2)CO(3) with several variations of the Li/Ti mole ratio mixed at room temperature for 10 min. The mixture of 20 g of raw materials was put into a 50 mL crucible and then calcined in a muffle furnace. The calcination temperature in the furnace was varied to 600, 750, and 900 °C for 4 h with a heating rate. of 7.55 °C/min. After the synthesis process, the precursor is reacted with acid (delithiation). Delithiation aims to release lithium ions from the host Li(2)TiO(3) (LTO) precursor and replace it with hydrogen ions through an ion exchange mechanism. The adsorption process lasted for 90 min, and the stirring speed was 350 rpm on a magnetic stirrer with temperature variations of 30, 40, and 60 °C and pH values of 4, 8, and 12. This study has shown that synthetic precursors synthesized based on titanium oxide can absorb lithium from brine sources. The maximum recovery obtained at pH 12 and a temperature of 30 °C was 72%, with the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 3.55 mg Li/gr adsorbent. Shrinking Core Model (SCM) kinetics model provided the most fitted model to represent the kinetics model (R(2) = 0.9968), with the constants k(f), Ds, and k, are 2.2360 × 10(−9) cm/s; 1.2211 × 10(–13) cm(2)/s; and 1.0467 × 10(–8) cm/s. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10044115 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100441152023-03-28 Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine Tangkas, I. Wayan Christ Widhi Herman Sujoto, Vincent Sutresno Hadi Astuti, Widi Jenie, Siti Nurul Aisyiyah Anggara, Ferian Utama, Andhika Putera Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Sutijan J Sustain Metall Research Article Indonesia is one of the countries in the world that has been utilizing geothermal as a renewable energy source to generate electricity. Depending on the geological setting, geothermal brine possesses critical elements worthwhile to extract. One of the critical elements is lithium which is interesting in being processed as raw material for the battery industries. This study thoroughly presented titanium oxide material for lithium recovery from artificial geothermal brine and the effect of Li/Ti mole ratio, temperature, and solution pH. The precursors were synthesized using TiO(2) and Li(2)CO(3) with several variations of the Li/Ti mole ratio mixed at room temperature for 10 min. The mixture of 20 g of raw materials was put into a 50 mL crucible and then calcined in a muffle furnace. The calcination temperature in the furnace was varied to 600, 750, and 900 °C for 4 h with a heating rate. of 7.55 °C/min. After the synthesis process, the precursor is reacted with acid (delithiation). Delithiation aims to release lithium ions from the host Li(2)TiO(3) (LTO) precursor and replace it with hydrogen ions through an ion exchange mechanism. The adsorption process lasted for 90 min, and the stirring speed was 350 rpm on a magnetic stirrer with temperature variations of 30, 40, and 60 °C and pH values of 4, 8, and 12. This study has shown that synthetic precursors synthesized based on titanium oxide can absorb lithium from brine sources. The maximum recovery obtained at pH 12 and a temperature of 30 °C was 72%, with the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 3.55 mg Li/gr adsorbent. Shrinking Core Model (SCM) kinetics model provided the most fitted model to represent the kinetics model (R(2) = 0.9968), with the constants k(f), Ds, and k, are 2.2360 × 10(−9) cm/s; 1.2211 × 10(–13) cm(2)/s; and 1.0467 × 10(–8) cm/s. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] Springer International Publishing 2023-03-28 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10044115/ /pubmed/37288451 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40831-023-00664-7 Text en © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Tangkas, I. Wayan Christ Widhi Herman Sujoto, Vincent Sutresno Hadi Astuti, Widi Jenie, Siti Nurul Aisyiyah Anggara, Ferian Utama, Andhika Putera Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Sutijan Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine |
title | Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine |
title_full | Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine |
title_fullStr | Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine |
title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine |
title_short | Synthesis of Titanium Ion Sieves and Its Application for Lithium Recovery from Artificial Indonesian Geothermal Brine |
title_sort | synthesis of titanium ion sieves and its application for lithium recovery from artificial indonesian geothermal brine |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10044115/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37288451 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40831-023-00664-7 |
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