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Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Emotions play an important role in animal survival through better cohesion and coordination, and affect behavioral, physiological, and cognitive responses in animals. Improving positive emotions and reducing negative emotions has been advocated for better compliance with animal welfa...

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Autores principales: Kumar, Pavan, Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar, Ahmed, Muideen Adewale, Hayat, Muhammad Nizam, Ajat, Mokrish, Kaka, Ubedullah, Goh, Yong Meng, Sazili, Awis Qurni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10044356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36978640
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13061100
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author Kumar, Pavan
Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar
Ahmed, Muideen Adewale
Hayat, Muhammad Nizam
Ajat, Mokrish
Kaka, Ubedullah
Goh, Yong Meng
Sazili, Awis Qurni
author_facet Kumar, Pavan
Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar
Ahmed, Muideen Adewale
Hayat, Muhammad Nizam
Ajat, Mokrish
Kaka, Ubedullah
Goh, Yong Meng
Sazili, Awis Qurni
author_sort Kumar, Pavan
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Emotions play an important role in animal survival through better cohesion and coordination, and affect behavioral, physiological, and cognitive responses in animals. Improving positive emotions and reducing negative emotions has been advocated for better compliance with animal welfare and to improve the productivity of animals. The preslaughter handling of animals is a very crucial stage of meat production as it affects animal welfare and meat quality. The slaughter environment could lead to emotional stress in animals. There is a need to study the effect of exposure to the slaughter environment in goats. ABSTRACT: Recent advances in emotions and cognitive science make it imperative to assess the emotional stress in goats at the time of slaughter. The present study was envisaged to study the electroencephalogram and physiological responses as affected by slaughter empathy in goats. A total of 12 goats were divided into two groups viz., E-group (goats exposed to slaughter environment, n = 6) and S-group (goat slaughtered in front of E-group, n = 6). The electroencephalogram and physiological responses in male Boer cross goats (E-group) were recorded in a slaughterhouse in two stages viz., control (C) without exposure to the slaughter of conspecifics and treatment (T) while visualizing the slaughter of conspecifics (S—slaughter group). The exposure of the goat to the slaughter of a conspecific resulted in a heightened emotional state. It caused significant alterations in neurobiological activity as recorded with the significant changes in the EEG spectrum (beta waves (p = 0.000491), theta waves (p = 0.017), and median frequency MF or F50 (p = 0.002)). Emotional stress was also observed to significantly increase blood glucose (p = 0.031) and a non-significant (p = 0.225) increase in heart rate in goats. Thus, slaughter empathy was observed to exert a significant effect on the electric activity of neurons in the cerebrocortical area of the brain and an increase in blood glucose content.
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spelling pubmed-100443562023-03-29 Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats Kumar, Pavan Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar Ahmed, Muideen Adewale Hayat, Muhammad Nizam Ajat, Mokrish Kaka, Ubedullah Goh, Yong Meng Sazili, Awis Qurni Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Emotions play an important role in animal survival through better cohesion and coordination, and affect behavioral, physiological, and cognitive responses in animals. Improving positive emotions and reducing negative emotions has been advocated for better compliance with animal welfare and to improve the productivity of animals. The preslaughter handling of animals is a very crucial stage of meat production as it affects animal welfare and meat quality. The slaughter environment could lead to emotional stress in animals. There is a need to study the effect of exposure to the slaughter environment in goats. ABSTRACT: Recent advances in emotions and cognitive science make it imperative to assess the emotional stress in goats at the time of slaughter. The present study was envisaged to study the electroencephalogram and physiological responses as affected by slaughter empathy in goats. A total of 12 goats were divided into two groups viz., E-group (goats exposed to slaughter environment, n = 6) and S-group (goat slaughtered in front of E-group, n = 6). The electroencephalogram and physiological responses in male Boer cross goats (E-group) were recorded in a slaughterhouse in two stages viz., control (C) without exposure to the slaughter of conspecifics and treatment (T) while visualizing the slaughter of conspecifics (S—slaughter group). The exposure of the goat to the slaughter of a conspecific resulted in a heightened emotional state. It caused significant alterations in neurobiological activity as recorded with the significant changes in the EEG spectrum (beta waves (p = 0.000491), theta waves (p = 0.017), and median frequency MF or F50 (p = 0.002)). Emotional stress was also observed to significantly increase blood glucose (p = 0.031) and a non-significant (p = 0.225) increase in heart rate in goats. Thus, slaughter empathy was observed to exert a significant effect on the electric activity of neurons in the cerebrocortical area of the brain and an increase in blood glucose content. MDPI 2023-03-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10044356/ /pubmed/36978640 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13061100 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kumar, Pavan
Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar
Ahmed, Muideen Adewale
Hayat, Muhammad Nizam
Ajat, Mokrish
Kaka, Ubedullah
Goh, Yong Meng
Sazili, Awis Qurni
Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats
title Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats
title_full Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats
title_fullStr Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats
title_full_unstemmed Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats
title_short Electroencephalogram and Physiological Responses as Affected by Slaughter Empathy in Goats
title_sort electroencephalogram and physiological responses as affected by slaughter empathy in goats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10044356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36978640
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13061100
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