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Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration and loss of nerve cells. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one factor that plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders since neuron cells are particularly vu...

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Autores principales: Amoroso, Rosa, Maccallini, Cristina, Bellezza, Ilaria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10045503/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36979026
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030778
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author Amoroso, Rosa
Maccallini, Cristina
Bellezza, Ilaria
author_facet Amoroso, Rosa
Maccallini, Cristina
Bellezza, Ilaria
author_sort Amoroso, Rosa
collection PubMed
description Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration and loss of nerve cells. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one factor that plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders since neuron cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is strictly related to anti-inflammatory and antioxidative cell response; therefore, its activation and the consequent enhancement of the related cellular pathways have been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach. Several Nrf2 activators with different mechanisms and diverse structures have been reported, but those applied for neurodisorders are still limited. However, in the very last few years, interesting progress has been made, particularly in enhancing the blood–brain barrier penetration, to make Nrf2 activators effective drugs, and in designing Nrf2-based multitarget-directed ligands to affect multiple pathways involved in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. The present review gives an overview of the most representative findings in this research area.
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spelling pubmed-100455032023-03-29 Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases Amoroso, Rosa Maccallini, Cristina Bellezza, Ilaria Antioxidants (Basel) Review Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration and loss of nerve cells. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one factor that plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders since neuron cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is strictly related to anti-inflammatory and antioxidative cell response; therefore, its activation and the consequent enhancement of the related cellular pathways have been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach. Several Nrf2 activators with different mechanisms and diverse structures have been reported, but those applied for neurodisorders are still limited. However, in the very last few years, interesting progress has been made, particularly in enhancing the blood–brain barrier penetration, to make Nrf2 activators effective drugs, and in designing Nrf2-based multitarget-directed ligands to affect multiple pathways involved in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. The present review gives an overview of the most representative findings in this research area. MDPI 2023-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10045503/ /pubmed/36979026 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030778 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Amoroso, Rosa
Maccallini, Cristina
Bellezza, Ilaria
Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases
title Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_fullStr Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_short Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_sort activators of nrf2 to counteract neurodegenerative diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10045503/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36979026
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030778
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