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Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases
Telomeres are dynamic DNA nucleoprotein structures located at the end of chromosomes where they maintain genomic stability. Due to the end replication problem, telomeres shorten with each cell division. Critically short telomeres trigger cellular senescence, which contributes to various degenerative...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10045531/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36978826 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030579 |
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author | Levstek, Tina Trebušak Podkrajšek, Katarina |
author_facet | Levstek, Tina Trebušak Podkrajšek, Katarina |
author_sort | Levstek, Tina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Telomeres are dynamic DNA nucleoprotein structures located at the end of chromosomes where they maintain genomic stability. Due to the end replication problem, telomeres shorten with each cell division. Critically short telomeres trigger cellular senescence, which contributes to various degenerative and age-related diseases, including chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Additionally, other factors such as oxidative stress may also contribute to accelerated telomere shortening. Indeed, telomeres are highly susceptible to oxidative damage due to their high guanine content. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of studies examining telomere length (TL) in CKDs to highlight the association between TL and the development and progression of CKDs in humans. We then focus on studies investigating TL in patients receiving kidney replacement therapy. The mechanisms of the relationship between TL and CKD are not fully understood, but a shorter TL has been associated with decreased kidney function and the progression of nephropathy. Interestingly, telomere lengthening has been observed in some patients in longitudinal studies. Hemodialysis has been shown to accelerate telomere erosion, whereas the uremic milieu is not reversed even in kidney transplantation patients. Overall, this review aims to provide insights into the biological significance of telomere attrition in the pathophysiology of kidney disease, which may contribute to the development of new strategies for the management of patients with CKDs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10045531 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100455312023-03-29 Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases Levstek, Tina Trebušak Podkrajšek, Katarina Antioxidants (Basel) Review Telomeres are dynamic DNA nucleoprotein structures located at the end of chromosomes where they maintain genomic stability. Due to the end replication problem, telomeres shorten with each cell division. Critically short telomeres trigger cellular senescence, which contributes to various degenerative and age-related diseases, including chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Additionally, other factors such as oxidative stress may also contribute to accelerated telomere shortening. Indeed, telomeres are highly susceptible to oxidative damage due to their high guanine content. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of studies examining telomere length (TL) in CKDs to highlight the association between TL and the development and progression of CKDs in humans. We then focus on studies investigating TL in patients receiving kidney replacement therapy. The mechanisms of the relationship between TL and CKD are not fully understood, but a shorter TL has been associated with decreased kidney function and the progression of nephropathy. Interestingly, telomere lengthening has been observed in some patients in longitudinal studies. Hemodialysis has been shown to accelerate telomere erosion, whereas the uremic milieu is not reversed even in kidney transplantation patients. Overall, this review aims to provide insights into the biological significance of telomere attrition in the pathophysiology of kidney disease, which may contribute to the development of new strategies for the management of patients with CKDs. MDPI 2023-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10045531/ /pubmed/36978826 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030579 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Levstek, Tina Trebušak Podkrajšek, Katarina Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases |
title | Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases |
title_full | Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases |
title_fullStr | Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases |
title_short | Telomere Attrition in Chronic Kidney Diseases |
title_sort | telomere attrition in chronic kidney diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10045531/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36978826 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030579 |
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