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Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data

This retrospective observational study aimed to gain a better understanding of the protective duration of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection against reinfection. The objectives were two-fold: to assess the durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among initially unvaccinated individuals with previou...

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Autores principales: Reynolds, Shannon L., Kaufman, Harvey W., Meyer, William A., Bush, Chris, Cohen, Oren, Cronin, Kathy, Kabelac, Carly, Leonard, Sandy, Anderson, Steve, Petkov, Valentina, Lowy, Douglas, Sharpless, Norman, Penberthy, Lynne
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10045607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36943829
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280584
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author Reynolds, Shannon L.
Kaufman, Harvey W.
Meyer, William A.
Bush, Chris
Cohen, Oren
Cronin, Kathy
Kabelac, Carly
Leonard, Sandy
Anderson, Steve
Petkov, Valentina
Lowy, Douglas
Sharpless, Norman
Penberthy, Lynne
author_facet Reynolds, Shannon L.
Kaufman, Harvey W.
Meyer, William A.
Bush, Chris
Cohen, Oren
Cronin, Kathy
Kabelac, Carly
Leonard, Sandy
Anderson, Steve
Petkov, Valentina
Lowy, Douglas
Sharpless, Norman
Penberthy, Lynne
author_sort Reynolds, Shannon L.
collection PubMed
description This retrospective observational study aimed to gain a better understanding of the protective duration of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection against reinfection. The objectives were two-fold: to assess the durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among initially unvaccinated individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to evaluate the crude SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate and associated risk factors. During the pandemic era time period from February 29, 2020, through April 30, 2021, 144,678,382 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostic or antibody test results were studied. Rates of reinfection among index-positive individuals were compared to rates of infection among index-negative individuals. Factors associated with reinfection were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. For both objectives, the outcome was a subsequent positive molecular diagnostic test result. Consistent with prior findings, the risk of reinfection among index-positive individuals was 87% lower than the risk of infection among index-negative individuals. The duration of protection against reinfection was stable over the median 5 months and up to 1-year follow-up interval. Factors associated with an increased reinfection risk included older age, comorbid immunologic conditions, and living in congregate care settings; healthcare workers had a decreased reinfection risk. This large US population-based study suggests that infection induced immunity is durable for variants circulating pre-Delta predominance.
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spelling pubmed-100456072023-03-29 Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data Reynolds, Shannon L. Kaufman, Harvey W. Meyer, William A. Bush, Chris Cohen, Oren Cronin, Kathy Kabelac, Carly Leonard, Sandy Anderson, Steve Petkov, Valentina Lowy, Douglas Sharpless, Norman Penberthy, Lynne PLoS One Research Article This retrospective observational study aimed to gain a better understanding of the protective duration of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection against reinfection. The objectives were two-fold: to assess the durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among initially unvaccinated individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to evaluate the crude SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate and associated risk factors. During the pandemic era time period from February 29, 2020, through April 30, 2021, 144,678,382 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostic or antibody test results were studied. Rates of reinfection among index-positive individuals were compared to rates of infection among index-negative individuals. Factors associated with reinfection were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. For both objectives, the outcome was a subsequent positive molecular diagnostic test result. Consistent with prior findings, the risk of reinfection among index-positive individuals was 87% lower than the risk of infection among index-negative individuals. The duration of protection against reinfection was stable over the median 5 months and up to 1-year follow-up interval. Factors associated with an increased reinfection risk included older age, comorbid immunologic conditions, and living in congregate care settings; healthcare workers had a decreased reinfection risk. This large US population-based study suggests that infection induced immunity is durable for variants circulating pre-Delta predominance. Public Library of Science 2023-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10045607/ /pubmed/36943829 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280584 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Reynolds, Shannon L.
Kaufman, Harvey W.
Meyer, William A.
Bush, Chris
Cohen, Oren
Cronin, Kathy
Kabelac, Carly
Leonard, Sandy
Anderson, Steve
Petkov, Valentina
Lowy, Douglas
Sharpless, Norman
Penberthy, Lynne
Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data
title Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data
title_full Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data
title_fullStr Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data
title_full_unstemmed Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data
title_short Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data
title_sort risk of and duration of protection from sars-cov-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10045607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36943829
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280584
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