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Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task

The Stroop interference task is indispensable to current neuropsychological practice. Despite this, it is limited in its potential for repeated administration, its sensitivity and its demands on professionals and their clients. We evaluated a digital Stroop deployed using a smart device. Spoken resp...

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Autores principales: Holmlund, Terje B., Cohen, Alex S., Cheng, Jian, Foltz, Peter W., Bernstein, Jared, Rosenfeld, Elizabeth, Laeng, Bruno, Elvevåg, Brita
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10046258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36979252
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030442
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author Holmlund, Terje B.
Cohen, Alex S.
Cheng, Jian
Foltz, Peter W.
Bernstein, Jared
Rosenfeld, Elizabeth
Laeng, Bruno
Elvevåg, Brita
author_facet Holmlund, Terje B.
Cohen, Alex S.
Cheng, Jian
Foltz, Peter W.
Bernstein, Jared
Rosenfeld, Elizabeth
Laeng, Bruno
Elvevåg, Brita
author_sort Holmlund, Terje B.
collection PubMed
description The Stroop interference task is indispensable to current neuropsychological practice. Despite this, it is limited in its potential for repeated administration, its sensitivity and its demands on professionals and their clients. We evaluated a digital Stroop deployed using a smart device. Spoken responses were timed using automated speech recognition. Participants included adult nonpatients (N = 113; k = 5 sessions over 5 days) and patients with psychiatric diagnoses (N = 85; k = 3–4 sessions per week over 4 weeks). Traditional interference (difference in response time between color incongruent words vs. color neutral words; M = 0.121 s) and facilitation (neutral vs. color congruent words; M = 0.085 s) effects were robust and temporally stable over testing sessions (ICCs 0.50–0.86). The performance showed little relation to clinical symptoms for a two-week window for either nonpatients or patients but was related to self-reported concentration at the time of testing for both groups. Performance was also related to treatment outcomes in patients. The duration of response word utterances was longer in patients than in nonpatients. Measures of intra-individual variability showed promise for understanding clinical state and treatment outcome but were less temporally stable than measures based solely on average response time latency. This framework of remote assessment using speech processing technology enables the fine-grained longitudinal charting of cognition and verbal behavior. However, at present, there is a problematic lower limit to the absolute size of the effects that can be examined when using voice in such a brief ‘out-of-the-laboratory condition’ given the temporal resolution of the speech-to-text detection system (in this case, 10 ms). This resolution will limit the parsing of meaningful effect sizes.
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spelling pubmed-100462582023-03-29 Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task Holmlund, Terje B. Cohen, Alex S. Cheng, Jian Foltz, Peter W. Bernstein, Jared Rosenfeld, Elizabeth Laeng, Bruno Elvevåg, Brita Brain Sci Article The Stroop interference task is indispensable to current neuropsychological practice. Despite this, it is limited in its potential for repeated administration, its sensitivity and its demands on professionals and their clients. We evaluated a digital Stroop deployed using a smart device. Spoken responses were timed using automated speech recognition. Participants included adult nonpatients (N = 113; k = 5 sessions over 5 days) and patients with psychiatric diagnoses (N = 85; k = 3–4 sessions per week over 4 weeks). Traditional interference (difference in response time between color incongruent words vs. color neutral words; M = 0.121 s) and facilitation (neutral vs. color congruent words; M = 0.085 s) effects were robust and temporally stable over testing sessions (ICCs 0.50–0.86). The performance showed little relation to clinical symptoms for a two-week window for either nonpatients or patients but was related to self-reported concentration at the time of testing for both groups. Performance was also related to treatment outcomes in patients. The duration of response word utterances was longer in patients than in nonpatients. Measures of intra-individual variability showed promise for understanding clinical state and treatment outcome but were less temporally stable than measures based solely on average response time latency. This framework of remote assessment using speech processing technology enables the fine-grained longitudinal charting of cognition and verbal behavior. However, at present, there is a problematic lower limit to the absolute size of the effects that can be examined when using voice in such a brief ‘out-of-the-laboratory condition’ given the temporal resolution of the speech-to-text detection system (in this case, 10 ms). This resolution will limit the parsing of meaningful effect sizes. MDPI 2023-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10046258/ /pubmed/36979252 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030442 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Holmlund, Terje B.
Cohen, Alex S.
Cheng, Jian
Foltz, Peter W.
Bernstein, Jared
Rosenfeld, Elizabeth
Laeng, Bruno
Elvevåg, Brita
Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task
title Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task
title_full Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task
title_fullStr Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task
title_full_unstemmed Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task
title_short Using Automated Speech Processing for Repeated Measurements in a Clinical Setting of the Behavioral Variability in the Stroop Task
title_sort using automated speech processing for repeated measurements in a clinical setting of the behavioral variability in the stroop task
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10046258/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36979252
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030442
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