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Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach
The main histopathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the loss of neuromelanin as a consequence of decreased dopamine synthesis. The destruction of the striatal dopaminergic pathway and blocking of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10046896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36979318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030508 |
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author | González-Usigli, Héctor Alberto Ortiz, Genaro Gabriel Charles-Niño, Claudia Mireles-Ramírez, Mario Alberto Pacheco-Moisés, Fermín Paul Torres-Mendoza, Blanca Miriam de Guadalupe Hernández-Cruz, José de Jesús Delgado-Lara, Daniela Lucero del Carmen Ramírez-Jirano, Luis Javier |
author_facet | González-Usigli, Héctor Alberto Ortiz, Genaro Gabriel Charles-Niño, Claudia Mireles-Ramírez, Mario Alberto Pacheco-Moisés, Fermín Paul Torres-Mendoza, Blanca Miriam de Guadalupe Hernández-Cruz, José de Jesús Delgado-Lara, Daniela Lucero del Carmen Ramírez-Jirano, Luis Javier |
author_sort | González-Usigli, Héctor Alberto |
collection | PubMed |
description | The main histopathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the loss of neuromelanin as a consequence of decreased dopamine synthesis. The destruction of the striatal dopaminergic pathway and blocking of striatal dopamine receptors cause motor deficits in humans and experimental animal models induced by some environmental agents. In addition, neuropsychiatric symptoms such as mood and anxiety disorders, hallucinations, psychosis, cognitive impairment, and dementia are common in PD. These alterations may precede the appearance of motor symptoms and are correlated with neurochemical and structural changes in the brain. This paper reviews the most crucial pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric alterations in PD. It is worth noting that PD patients have global task learning deficits, and cognitive functions are compromised in a way is associated with hypoactivation within the striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior frontal sulcus regions. An appropriate and extensive neuropsychological screening battery in PD must accurately assess at least five cognitive domains with some tests for each cognitive domain. This neuropsychological screening should consider the pathophysiological and clinical heterogeneity of cognitive dysfunction in PD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10046896 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100468962023-03-29 Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach González-Usigli, Héctor Alberto Ortiz, Genaro Gabriel Charles-Niño, Claudia Mireles-Ramírez, Mario Alberto Pacheco-Moisés, Fermín Paul Torres-Mendoza, Blanca Miriam de Guadalupe Hernández-Cruz, José de Jesús Delgado-Lara, Daniela Lucero del Carmen Ramírez-Jirano, Luis Javier Brain Sci Review The main histopathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the loss of neuromelanin as a consequence of decreased dopamine synthesis. The destruction of the striatal dopaminergic pathway and blocking of striatal dopamine receptors cause motor deficits in humans and experimental animal models induced by some environmental agents. In addition, neuropsychiatric symptoms such as mood and anxiety disorders, hallucinations, psychosis, cognitive impairment, and dementia are common in PD. These alterations may precede the appearance of motor symptoms and are correlated with neurochemical and structural changes in the brain. This paper reviews the most crucial pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric alterations in PD. It is worth noting that PD patients have global task learning deficits, and cognitive functions are compromised in a way is associated with hypoactivation within the striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior frontal sulcus regions. An appropriate and extensive neuropsychological screening battery in PD must accurately assess at least five cognitive domains with some tests for each cognitive domain. This neuropsychological screening should consider the pathophysiological and clinical heterogeneity of cognitive dysfunction in PD. MDPI 2023-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10046896/ /pubmed/36979318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030508 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review González-Usigli, Héctor Alberto Ortiz, Genaro Gabriel Charles-Niño, Claudia Mireles-Ramírez, Mario Alberto Pacheco-Moisés, Fermín Paul Torres-Mendoza, Blanca Miriam de Guadalupe Hernández-Cruz, José de Jesús Delgado-Lara, Daniela Lucero del Carmen Ramírez-Jirano, Luis Javier Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach |
title | Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach |
title_full | Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach |
title_fullStr | Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach |
title_short | Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach |
title_sort | neurocognitive psychiatric and neuropsychological alterations in parkinson’s disease: a basic and clinical approach |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10046896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36979318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030508 |
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