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Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Nail unit melanoma (NUM) is an uncommon form of melanoma and is often diagnosed at later stages. Approximately two-thirds of NUMs are present clinically as longitudinal melanonychia, but longitudinal melanonychia has a broad differential diagnosis. Clinical examination and dermoscopy are valuable fo...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10047828/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36980308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12060964 |
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author | Conway, Jade Bellet, Jane S. Rubin, Adam I. Lipner, Shari R. |
author_facet | Conway, Jade Bellet, Jane S. Rubin, Adam I. Lipner, Shari R. |
author_sort | Conway, Jade |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nail unit melanoma (NUM) is an uncommon form of melanoma and is often diagnosed at later stages. Approximately two-thirds of NUMs are present clinically as longitudinal melanonychia, but longitudinal melanonychia has a broad differential diagnosis. Clinical examination and dermoscopy are valuable for identifying nail findings concerning malignancy, but a biopsy with histopathology is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of NUM. Surgical treatment options for NUM include en bloc excision, digit amputation, and Mohs micrographic surgery. Newer treatments for advanced NUM include targeted and immune systemic therapies. NUM in pediatric patients is extremely rare and diagnosis is challenging since both qualitative and quantitative parameters have only been studied in adults. There is currently no consensus on management in children; for less concerning melanonychia, some physicians recommend close follow-up. However, some dermatologists argue that the “wait and see” approach can cause delayed diagnosis. This article serves to enhance the familiarity of NUM by highlighting its etiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment options in both adults and children. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10047828 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100478282023-03-29 Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Conway, Jade Bellet, Jane S. Rubin, Adam I. Lipner, Shari R. Cells Review Nail unit melanoma (NUM) is an uncommon form of melanoma and is often diagnosed at later stages. Approximately two-thirds of NUMs are present clinically as longitudinal melanonychia, but longitudinal melanonychia has a broad differential diagnosis. Clinical examination and dermoscopy are valuable for identifying nail findings concerning malignancy, but a biopsy with histopathology is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of NUM. Surgical treatment options for NUM include en bloc excision, digit amputation, and Mohs micrographic surgery. Newer treatments for advanced NUM include targeted and immune systemic therapies. NUM in pediatric patients is extremely rare and diagnosis is challenging since both qualitative and quantitative parameters have only been studied in adults. There is currently no consensus on management in children; for less concerning melanonychia, some physicians recommend close follow-up. However, some dermatologists argue that the “wait and see” approach can cause delayed diagnosis. This article serves to enhance the familiarity of NUM by highlighting its etiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment options in both adults and children. MDPI 2023-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10047828/ /pubmed/36980308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12060964 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Conway, Jade Bellet, Jane S. Rubin, Adam I. Lipner, Shari R. Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
title | Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
title_full | Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
title_fullStr | Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
title_full_unstemmed | Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
title_short | Adult and Pediatric Nail Unit Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
title_sort | adult and pediatric nail unit melanoma: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10047828/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36980308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12060964 |
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