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Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several cardiovascular risk factors are implicated in atherosclerotic plaque promotion and progression and are responsible for the clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease (CAD), ranging from...

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Autores principales: Gurgoglione, Filippo Luca, Denegri, Andrea, Russo, Michele, Calvieri, Camilla, Benatti, Giorgio, Niccoli, Giampaolo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982230
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065155
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author Gurgoglione, Filippo Luca
Denegri, Andrea
Russo, Michele
Calvieri, Camilla
Benatti, Giorgio
Niccoli, Giampaolo
author_facet Gurgoglione, Filippo Luca
Denegri, Andrea
Russo, Michele
Calvieri, Camilla
Benatti, Giorgio
Niccoli, Giampaolo
author_sort Gurgoglione, Filippo Luca
collection PubMed
description Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several cardiovascular risk factors are implicated in atherosclerotic plaque promotion and progression and are responsible for the clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease (CAD), ranging from chronic to acute coronary syndromes and sudden coronary death. The advent of intravascular imaging (IVI), including intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has significantly improved the comprehension of CAD pathophysiology and has strengthened the prognostic relevance of coronary plaque morphology assessment. Indeed, several atherosclerotic plaque phenotype and mechanisms of plaque destabilization have been recognized with different natural history and prognosis. Finally, IVI demonstrated benefits of secondary prevention therapies, such as lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory agents. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the principles and properties of available IVI modalities along with their prognostic significance.
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spelling pubmed-100492852023-03-29 Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication Gurgoglione, Filippo Luca Denegri, Andrea Russo, Michele Calvieri, Camilla Benatti, Giorgio Niccoli, Giampaolo Int J Mol Sci Review Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several cardiovascular risk factors are implicated in atherosclerotic plaque promotion and progression and are responsible for the clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease (CAD), ranging from chronic to acute coronary syndromes and sudden coronary death. The advent of intravascular imaging (IVI), including intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has significantly improved the comprehension of CAD pathophysiology and has strengthened the prognostic relevance of coronary plaque morphology assessment. Indeed, several atherosclerotic plaque phenotype and mechanisms of plaque destabilization have been recognized with different natural history and prognosis. Finally, IVI demonstrated benefits of secondary prevention therapies, such as lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory agents. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the principles and properties of available IVI modalities along with their prognostic significance. MDPI 2023-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10049285/ /pubmed/36982230 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065155 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Gurgoglione, Filippo Luca
Denegri, Andrea
Russo, Michele
Calvieri, Camilla
Benatti, Giorgio
Niccoli, Giampaolo
Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication
title Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication
title_full Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication
title_fullStr Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication
title_full_unstemmed Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication
title_short Intracoronary Imaging of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: From Assessment of Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implication
title_sort intracoronary imaging of coronary atherosclerotic plaque: from assessment of pathophysiological mechanisms to therapeutic implication
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982230
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065155
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