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Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancer types. It is usually characterized by high resistance to chemotherapy. However, cancer-targeted drugs, such as sunitinib, recently have shown beneficial effects in pancreatic in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, we chose to study a series of s...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049421/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982496 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065422 |
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author | Skaraitė, Ieva Maccioni, Elias Petrikaitė, Vilma |
author_facet | Skaraitė, Ieva Maccioni, Elias Petrikaitė, Vilma |
author_sort | Skaraitė, Ieva |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancer types. It is usually characterized by high resistance to chemotherapy. However, cancer-targeted drugs, such as sunitinib, recently have shown beneficial effects in pancreatic in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, we chose to study a series of sunitinib derivatives developed by us, that were proven to be promising compounds for cancer treatment. The aim of our research was to evaluate the anticancer activity of sunitinib derivatives in human pancreatic cancer cell lines MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 under normoxia and hypoxia. The effect on cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. The compound effect on cell colony formation and growth was established by clonogenic assay and the activity on cell migration was estimated using a ‘wound healing’ assay. Six out of 17 tested compounds at 1 µM after 72 h of incubation reduced cell viability by 90% and were more active than sunitinib. Compounds for more detailed experiments were chosen based on their activity and selectivity towards cancer cells compared to fibroblasts. The most promising compound EMAC4001 was 24 and 35 times more active than sunitinib against MIA PaCa-2 cells, and 36 to 47 times more active against the PANC-1 cell line in normoxia and hypoxia. It also inhibited MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cell colony formation. Four tested compounds inhibited MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cell migration under hypoxia, but none was more active than sunitinib. In conclusion, sunitinib derivatives possess anticancer activity in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cell lines, and they are promising for further research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10049421 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100494212023-03-29 Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia Skaraitė, Ieva Maccioni, Elias Petrikaitė, Vilma Int J Mol Sci Article Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancer types. It is usually characterized by high resistance to chemotherapy. However, cancer-targeted drugs, such as sunitinib, recently have shown beneficial effects in pancreatic in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, we chose to study a series of sunitinib derivatives developed by us, that were proven to be promising compounds for cancer treatment. The aim of our research was to evaluate the anticancer activity of sunitinib derivatives in human pancreatic cancer cell lines MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 under normoxia and hypoxia. The effect on cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. The compound effect on cell colony formation and growth was established by clonogenic assay and the activity on cell migration was estimated using a ‘wound healing’ assay. Six out of 17 tested compounds at 1 µM after 72 h of incubation reduced cell viability by 90% and were more active than sunitinib. Compounds for more detailed experiments were chosen based on their activity and selectivity towards cancer cells compared to fibroblasts. The most promising compound EMAC4001 was 24 and 35 times more active than sunitinib against MIA PaCa-2 cells, and 36 to 47 times more active against the PANC-1 cell line in normoxia and hypoxia. It also inhibited MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cell colony formation. Four tested compounds inhibited MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cell migration under hypoxia, but none was more active than sunitinib. In conclusion, sunitinib derivatives possess anticancer activity in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cell lines, and they are promising for further research. MDPI 2023-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10049421/ /pubmed/36982496 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065422 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Skaraitė, Ieva Maccioni, Elias Petrikaitė, Vilma Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia |
title | Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia |
title_full | Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia |
title_fullStr | Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia |
title_full_unstemmed | Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia |
title_short | Anticancer Activity of Sunitinib Analogues in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Cultures under Normoxia and Hypoxia |
title_sort | anticancer activity of sunitinib analogues in human pancreatic cancer cell cultures under normoxia and hypoxia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049421/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982496 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065422 |
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