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Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis
The high pace of urbanization in Manipur being confined to the valley regions has attracted much attention to researchers to explore the intra-state dynamics of urban inequality in the state. This study examines the role of spatial factors in determining consumption inequality in the state, especial...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Netherlands
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049899/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37304453 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-023-03096-8 |
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author | De, Utpal Kumar Devi, Loitongbam Hena |
author_facet | De, Utpal Kumar Devi, Loitongbam Hena |
author_sort | De, Utpal Kumar |
collection | PubMed |
description | The high pace of urbanization in Manipur being confined to the valley regions has attracted much attention to researchers to explore the intra-state dynamics of urban inequality in the state. This study examines the role of spatial factors in determining consumption inequality in the state, especially in urban areas considering the unit-level National Sample Survey data from different rounds. Also, the Regression-Based Inequality Decomposition is estimated to understand the role played by relevant household characteristics in explaining the inequality patterns in urban Manipur. The study observes an increasing trend of Gini coefficient for the overall state despite its slow per-capita growth. While Gini measures of consumption have an overall increasing trend in the economy between 1993 and 2011, and inequality level in rural areas is greater than in urban areas in 2011–2012. This is in contrast to the overall Indian phenomenon. Also, the state per capita income is 43% lower than the all-India average in 2019–2020 at 2011–2012 prices. Within-component (both within-district and within-sector) is the major contributor to overall consumption inequality. The decomposition-based regression analysis shows that most of the estimated regression coefficients are statistically significant. Factors like age, possession of land, and regular salary earner in a household contribute to enhancing the level of total inequality of the average MPCE. This paper suggests that in order to avoid the negative consequences of rising consumption inequality in Manipur, a justiciable land redistribution policy, improving the level of education, and creating employment opportunities are necessary. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10049899 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer Netherlands |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100498992023-03-29 Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis De, Utpal Kumar Devi, Loitongbam Hena Soc Indic Res Original Research The high pace of urbanization in Manipur being confined to the valley regions has attracted much attention to researchers to explore the intra-state dynamics of urban inequality in the state. This study examines the role of spatial factors in determining consumption inequality in the state, especially in urban areas considering the unit-level National Sample Survey data from different rounds. Also, the Regression-Based Inequality Decomposition is estimated to understand the role played by relevant household characteristics in explaining the inequality patterns in urban Manipur. The study observes an increasing trend of Gini coefficient for the overall state despite its slow per-capita growth. While Gini measures of consumption have an overall increasing trend in the economy between 1993 and 2011, and inequality level in rural areas is greater than in urban areas in 2011–2012. This is in contrast to the overall Indian phenomenon. Also, the state per capita income is 43% lower than the all-India average in 2019–2020 at 2011–2012 prices. Within-component (both within-district and within-sector) is the major contributor to overall consumption inequality. The decomposition-based regression analysis shows that most of the estimated regression coefficients are statistically significant. Factors like age, possession of land, and regular salary earner in a household contribute to enhancing the level of total inequality of the average MPCE. This paper suggests that in order to avoid the negative consequences of rising consumption inequality in Manipur, a justiciable land redistribution policy, improving the level of education, and creating employment opportunities are necessary. Springer Netherlands 2023-03-29 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10049899/ /pubmed/37304453 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-023-03096-8 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Original Research De, Utpal Kumar Devi, Loitongbam Hena Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis |
title | Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis |
title_full | Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis |
title_fullStr | Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis |
title_short | Inequality Dynamics in Urban Manipur, India: A Decomposition Analysis |
title_sort | inequality dynamics in urban manipur, india: a decomposition analysis |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049899/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37304453 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-023-03096-8 |
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