Association between Serum Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Level and Arterial Stiffness in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a significant cause of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients. To explore their associations, we examine the role of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in arterial stiffness in chronic HD patients. From June to August 2020, we recruited 135 chronic HD patients. The arterial stiffness group included patients with a carotid–femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV) of >10 m/s. Fifty-five HD patients (40.7%) were in the arterial stiffness group. They had a higher prevalence of diabetes (p = 0.001) and hypertension (p = 0.039), were older (p = 0.007) and had higher aortic systolic blood pressure (p = 0.034), brachial systolic blood pressure (p = 0.025), glucose (p = 0.019), C-reactive protein (p = 0.039), and AIx75 (p = 0.003) and suPAR (p < 0.001) levels than the control group. After we performed multivariable logistic regression analysis, except age and glucose, serum suPAR (odds ratio [OR]: 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48–2.70, p < 0.001) was independently associated with arterial stiffness in chronic HD patients. In the multivariable linear regression analysis, suPAR positively correlated with cfPWV (β = 0.475, p < 0.001) and could serve as a biomarker for arterial stiffness development in patients undergoing HD.