Review of Play and Preisach Models for Hysteresis in Magnetic Materials

This paper studies the properties of the Preisach model and the play model, and compare their similarities. Both are history-dependent hysteresis models that are used to model magnetic hysteresis. They are described as discrete sums of simple hysteresis operators but can easily be reformulated as integral equations of continuous distribution functions using either a Preisach weight distribution function or a play distribution function. The models are mostly seen as phenomenological or mathematical tools but can also be related to friction-like pinning of domain-wall motions, where Rayleigh’s law of magnetic hysteresis can be seen as the simplest case on either the play model or the Preisach model. They are poor at modeling other domain behavior, such as nucleation-driven hysteresis. Yet another hysteresis model is the stop model, which can be seen as the inverted version of the play model. This type of model has advantages for expressions linked to energy and can be related to Steinmetz equation of hysteresis losses. The models share several mathematical properties, such as the congruency property and wiping-out property, and both models have a history of dependence that can be described by the series of past reversal points. More generally, it is shown that the many models can be expressed as Preisach models, showing that they can be treated as subcategories of the Preisach type models. These include the play model, the stop model and also the alternative KP-hysteron model.