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Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Within the existing pheromone-based strategies for Lobesia botrana monitoring and management, mating disruption appears to be the most studied and deployed in wine-growing contexts worldwide. The effectiveness of this strategy led to many efforts to improve it, relying upon new avail...

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Autores principales: Benelli, Giovanni, Ricciardi, Renato, Cosci, Francesca, Iodice, Andrea, Ladurner, Edith, Savino, Francesco, Lucchi, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36975955
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14030270
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author Benelli, Giovanni
Ricciardi, Renato
Cosci, Francesca
Iodice, Andrea
Ladurner, Edith
Savino, Francesco
Lucchi, Andrea
author_facet Benelli, Giovanni
Ricciardi, Renato
Cosci, Francesca
Iodice, Andrea
Ladurner, Edith
Savino, Francesco
Lucchi, Andrea
author_sort Benelli, Giovanni
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Within the existing pheromone-based strategies for Lobesia botrana monitoring and management, mating disruption appears to be the most studied and deployed in wine-growing contexts worldwide. The effectiveness of this strategy led to many efforts to improve it, relying upon new available technologies. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a novel active pheromone emitter (product code: Isonet(®) L MISTERX843) for L. botrana mating disruption, testing it at three different densities (i.e., 2, 3 and 4 units/ha). The aerosol emitter was evaluated in two wine-growing contexts, where it significantly reduced the L. botrana infestation when compared to vineyards not managed with mating disruption. The aerosol efficacy performances were comparable to those obtained with passive dispensers (Isonet(®) L TT) and another active dispenser (Checkmate(®) Puffer(®) LB) already on the market. Overall, this novel aerosol device ensures the high effectiveness of the mating disruption program. On the other hand, extra care should be given for their deployment in the field, considering many factors such as the orography and shape of the vineyard as well as the dominant winds. ABSTRACT: Despite the great amount of information on the European Grapevine Moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and the effective strategies available for its management, this moth remains the main key pest damaging grapevines in the Mediterranean and Central Europe wine-growing areas. Synthesizing and manipulating its sex pheromone components fostered the development of new dispensers to boost the effectiveness and sustainability of mating disruption (MD) programs. Recent MD research has highlighted that the effectiveness of aerosol emitters is comparable to that of passive dispensers when applied in large, uniform sites such as Spanish vineyards. However, aerosol emitters that are equally effective in geographical areas characterized by small-sized vineyards, typical of many Italian regions, have not received enough research attention. To face this challenge, herein the experimental aerosol emitter (product code: Isonet(®) L MISTERX843) was tested at three different application rates (i.e., 2, 3 and 4 units/ha) in three study sites, two in Tuscany (Central Italy in 2017 and 2018) and one in Emilia-Romagna (Northern Italy in 2017), respectively, for a total of five trials. To assess the efficacy of this novel MD aerosol emitter, three different application densities were compared with an untreated control and two grower’s standards. The latter were represented by passive (Isonet(®) L TT) and active (Checkmate(®) Puffer(®) LB) release dispensers, already on the market for EGVM MD and applied at, respectively, 200–300 and 2.5–4 units/ha. MD carried out with Isonet(®) L MISTERX843 led to zero catches of males in the pheromone traps. They also allowed for a significant reduction in the number of infested flower clusters and bunches, as well as in the number of nests per flowers cluster/bunch, if compared to the untreated control. As a general trend, MD effectiveness was fully comparable, or even better, if compared to the grower’s standard. In conclusion, our research pointed out that the Isonet(®) L MISTERX843 can allow for effective EGVM management in small-sized Italian vineyards. Lastly, our economic evaluation showed that the MD whole cost per hectare using active or passive release devices was comparable.
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spelling pubmed-100520932023-03-30 Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards Benelli, Giovanni Ricciardi, Renato Cosci, Francesca Iodice, Andrea Ladurner, Edith Savino, Francesco Lucchi, Andrea Insects Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Within the existing pheromone-based strategies for Lobesia botrana monitoring and management, mating disruption appears to be the most studied and deployed in wine-growing contexts worldwide. The effectiveness of this strategy led to many efforts to improve it, relying upon new available technologies. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a novel active pheromone emitter (product code: Isonet(®) L MISTERX843) for L. botrana mating disruption, testing it at three different densities (i.e., 2, 3 and 4 units/ha). The aerosol emitter was evaluated in two wine-growing contexts, where it significantly reduced the L. botrana infestation when compared to vineyards not managed with mating disruption. The aerosol efficacy performances were comparable to those obtained with passive dispensers (Isonet(®) L TT) and another active dispenser (Checkmate(®) Puffer(®) LB) already on the market. Overall, this novel aerosol device ensures the high effectiveness of the mating disruption program. On the other hand, extra care should be given for their deployment in the field, considering many factors such as the orography and shape of the vineyard as well as the dominant winds. ABSTRACT: Despite the great amount of information on the European Grapevine Moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and the effective strategies available for its management, this moth remains the main key pest damaging grapevines in the Mediterranean and Central Europe wine-growing areas. Synthesizing and manipulating its sex pheromone components fostered the development of new dispensers to boost the effectiveness and sustainability of mating disruption (MD) programs. Recent MD research has highlighted that the effectiveness of aerosol emitters is comparable to that of passive dispensers when applied in large, uniform sites such as Spanish vineyards. However, aerosol emitters that are equally effective in geographical areas characterized by small-sized vineyards, typical of many Italian regions, have not received enough research attention. To face this challenge, herein the experimental aerosol emitter (product code: Isonet(®) L MISTERX843) was tested at three different application rates (i.e., 2, 3 and 4 units/ha) in three study sites, two in Tuscany (Central Italy in 2017 and 2018) and one in Emilia-Romagna (Northern Italy in 2017), respectively, for a total of five trials. To assess the efficacy of this novel MD aerosol emitter, three different application densities were compared with an untreated control and two grower’s standards. The latter were represented by passive (Isonet(®) L TT) and active (Checkmate(®) Puffer(®) LB) release dispensers, already on the market for EGVM MD and applied at, respectively, 200–300 and 2.5–4 units/ha. MD carried out with Isonet(®) L MISTERX843 led to zero catches of males in the pheromone traps. They also allowed for a significant reduction in the number of infested flower clusters and bunches, as well as in the number of nests per flowers cluster/bunch, if compared to the untreated control. As a general trend, MD effectiveness was fully comparable, or even better, if compared to the grower’s standard. In conclusion, our research pointed out that the Isonet(®) L MISTERX843 can allow for effective EGVM management in small-sized Italian vineyards. Lastly, our economic evaluation showed that the MD whole cost per hectare using active or passive release devices was comparable. MDPI 2023-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10052093/ /pubmed/36975955 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14030270 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Benelli, Giovanni
Ricciardi, Renato
Cosci, Francesca
Iodice, Andrea
Ladurner, Edith
Savino, Francesco
Lucchi, Andrea
Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards
title Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards
title_full Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards
title_fullStr Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards
title_full_unstemmed Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards
title_short Sex Pheromone Aerosol Emitters for Lobesia botrana Mating Disruption in Italian Vineyards
title_sort sex pheromone aerosol emitters for lobesia botrana mating disruption in italian vineyards
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36975955
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14030270
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