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Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats
Microcirculatory and mitochondrial dysfunction are considered the main mechanisms of septic shock. Studies suggest that statins modulate inflammatory response, microcirculation, and mitochondrial function, possibly through their action on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α). Th...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052315/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065455 |
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author | Kuebart, Anne Gross, Katharina Ripkens, Jan-Joschua Tenge, Theresa Raupach, Annika Schulz, Jan Truse, Richard Hof, Stefan Marcus, Carsten Vollmer, Christian Bauer, Inge Picker, Olaf Herminghaus, Anna |
author_facet | Kuebart, Anne Gross, Katharina Ripkens, Jan-Joschua Tenge, Theresa Raupach, Annika Schulz, Jan Truse, Richard Hof, Stefan Marcus, Carsten Vollmer, Christian Bauer, Inge Picker, Olaf Herminghaus, Anna |
author_sort | Kuebart, Anne |
collection | PubMed |
description | Microcirculatory and mitochondrial dysfunction are considered the main mechanisms of septic shock. Studies suggest that statins modulate inflammatory response, microcirculation, and mitochondrial function, possibly through their action on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of pravastatin on microcirculation and mitochondrial function in the liver and colon and the role of PPAR-α under septic conditions. This study was performed with the approval of the local animal care and use committee. Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sepsis (colon ascendens stent peritonitis, CASP) without treatment as control, sepsis + pravastatin, sepsis + PPAR-α-blocker GW6471, and sepsis + pravastatin + GW6471. Pravastatin (200 µg/kg s.c.) and GW6471 (1 mg/kg) were applied 18 h before CASP-operation. 24 h after initial surgery, a relaparotomy was performed, followed by a 90 min observation period for assessment of microcirculatory oxygenation (μHbO(2)) of the liver and colon. At the end of the experiments, animals were euthanized, and the colon and liver were harvested. Mitochondrial function was measured in tissue homogenates using oximetry. The ADP/O ratio and respiratory control index (RCI) for complexes I and II were calculated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was assessed using the malondialdehyde (MDA)-Assay. Statistics: two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) + Tukey’s/Dunnett’s post hoc test for microcirculatory data, Kruskal–Wallis test + Dunn’s post hoc test for all other data. In control septic animals µHbO(2) in liver and colon deteriorated over time (µHbO(2): −9.8 ± 7.5%* and −7.6 ± 3.3%* vs. baseline, respectively), whereas after pravastatin and pravastatin + GW6471 treatment μHbO(2) remained constant (liver: µHbO(2) pravastatin: −4.21 ± 11.7%, pravastatin + GW6471: −0.08 ± 10.3%; colon: µHbO(2) pravastatin: −0.13 ± 7.6%, pravastatin + GW6471: −3.00 ± 11.24%). In both organs, RCI and ADP/O were similar across all groups. The MDA concentration remained unchanged in all groups. Therefore, we conclude that under septic conditions pravastatin improves microcirculation in the colon and liver, and this seems independent of PPAR-α and without affecting mitochondrial function. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10052315 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100523152023-03-30 Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats Kuebart, Anne Gross, Katharina Ripkens, Jan-Joschua Tenge, Theresa Raupach, Annika Schulz, Jan Truse, Richard Hof, Stefan Marcus, Carsten Vollmer, Christian Bauer, Inge Picker, Olaf Herminghaus, Anna Int J Mol Sci Article Microcirculatory and mitochondrial dysfunction are considered the main mechanisms of septic shock. Studies suggest that statins modulate inflammatory response, microcirculation, and mitochondrial function, possibly through their action on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of pravastatin on microcirculation and mitochondrial function in the liver and colon and the role of PPAR-α under septic conditions. This study was performed with the approval of the local animal care and use committee. Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sepsis (colon ascendens stent peritonitis, CASP) without treatment as control, sepsis + pravastatin, sepsis + PPAR-α-blocker GW6471, and sepsis + pravastatin + GW6471. Pravastatin (200 µg/kg s.c.) and GW6471 (1 mg/kg) were applied 18 h before CASP-operation. 24 h after initial surgery, a relaparotomy was performed, followed by a 90 min observation period for assessment of microcirculatory oxygenation (μHbO(2)) of the liver and colon. At the end of the experiments, animals were euthanized, and the colon and liver were harvested. Mitochondrial function was measured in tissue homogenates using oximetry. The ADP/O ratio and respiratory control index (RCI) for complexes I and II were calculated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was assessed using the malondialdehyde (MDA)-Assay. Statistics: two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) + Tukey’s/Dunnett’s post hoc test for microcirculatory data, Kruskal–Wallis test + Dunn’s post hoc test for all other data. In control septic animals µHbO(2) in liver and colon deteriorated over time (µHbO(2): −9.8 ± 7.5%* and −7.6 ± 3.3%* vs. baseline, respectively), whereas after pravastatin and pravastatin + GW6471 treatment μHbO(2) remained constant (liver: µHbO(2) pravastatin: −4.21 ± 11.7%, pravastatin + GW6471: −0.08 ± 10.3%; colon: µHbO(2) pravastatin: −0.13 ± 7.6%, pravastatin + GW6471: −3.00 ± 11.24%). In both organs, RCI and ADP/O were similar across all groups. The MDA concentration remained unchanged in all groups. Therefore, we conclude that under septic conditions pravastatin improves microcirculation in the colon and liver, and this seems independent of PPAR-α and without affecting mitochondrial function. MDPI 2023-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10052315/ /pubmed/36982530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065455 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kuebart, Anne Gross, Katharina Ripkens, Jan-Joschua Tenge, Theresa Raupach, Annika Schulz, Jan Truse, Richard Hof, Stefan Marcus, Carsten Vollmer, Christian Bauer, Inge Picker, Olaf Herminghaus, Anna Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats |
title | Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats |
title_full | Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats |
title_fullStr | Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats |
title_short | Pravastatin Improves Colonic and Hepatic Microcirculatory Oxygenation during Sepsis without Affecting Mitochondrial Function and ROS Production in Rats |
title_sort | pravastatin improves colonic and hepatic microcirculatory oxygenation during sepsis without affecting mitochondrial function and ros production in rats |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052315/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065455 |
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