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Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption
Gender-specific caffeine-related adverse effects should be thoroughly investigated. Sixty-five adult participants were included in the study, 30 men and 35 women (age, 22.5 ± 2.8; body weight, 71.7 ± 16.2 kg; BMI, 23.6 ± 4.4). The participants who were classified as low and moderate caffeine users r...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052698/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36986044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15061318 |
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author | Domaszewski, Przemysław |
author_facet | Domaszewski, Przemysław |
author_sort | Domaszewski, Przemysław |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gender-specific caffeine-related adverse effects should be thoroughly investigated. Sixty-five adult participants were included in the study, 30 men and 35 women (age, 22.5 ± 2.8; body weight, 71.7 ± 16.2 kg; BMI, 23.6 ± 4.4). The participants who were classified as low and moderate caffeine users received 3 mg/kg, and high caffeine users received 6 mg/kg of caffeine in one dose. One hour after ingestion of caffeine and within twenty-four hours, the participants completed a side effect questionnaire. Effects after the ingestion of CAF were divided into two subgroups: negative (muscle soreness, increased urine output, tachycardia and palpitations, anxiety or nervousness, headache, gastrointestinal problems, and insomnia) and positive (perception improvement; increased vigor/activeness). Caffeine ingestion resulted in a statistically significant association between gender and negative effects one hour after ingestion (p = 0.049). Gender and positive effects one hour after ingestion (p = 0.005), and between gender and positive effects within 24 h after ingestion (p = 0.047). There were significant associations between gender and perception improvement (p = 0.032) and gender and increased vigor/activeness (p = 0.009) one hour after ingestion. Nearly 30% of men and 54% of women reported negative effects. At the same time, 20% of women and more than 50% of men reported positive effects. Gender is an important factor in the negative and positive effects of caffeine consumption. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10052698 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100526982023-03-30 Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption Domaszewski, Przemysław Nutrients Article Gender-specific caffeine-related adverse effects should be thoroughly investigated. Sixty-five adult participants were included in the study, 30 men and 35 women (age, 22.5 ± 2.8; body weight, 71.7 ± 16.2 kg; BMI, 23.6 ± 4.4). The participants who were classified as low and moderate caffeine users received 3 mg/kg, and high caffeine users received 6 mg/kg of caffeine in one dose. One hour after ingestion of caffeine and within twenty-four hours, the participants completed a side effect questionnaire. Effects after the ingestion of CAF were divided into two subgroups: negative (muscle soreness, increased urine output, tachycardia and palpitations, anxiety or nervousness, headache, gastrointestinal problems, and insomnia) and positive (perception improvement; increased vigor/activeness). Caffeine ingestion resulted in a statistically significant association between gender and negative effects one hour after ingestion (p = 0.049). Gender and positive effects one hour after ingestion (p = 0.005), and between gender and positive effects within 24 h after ingestion (p = 0.047). There were significant associations between gender and perception improvement (p = 0.032) and gender and increased vigor/activeness (p = 0.009) one hour after ingestion. Nearly 30% of men and 54% of women reported negative effects. At the same time, 20% of women and more than 50% of men reported positive effects. Gender is an important factor in the negative and positive effects of caffeine consumption. MDPI 2023-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10052698/ /pubmed/36986044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15061318 Text en © 2023 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Domaszewski, Przemysław Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption |
title | Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption |
title_full | Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption |
title_fullStr | Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption |
title_full_unstemmed | Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption |
title_short | Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption |
title_sort | gender differences in the frequency of positive and negative effects after acute caffeine consumption |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052698/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36986044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15061318 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT domaszewskiprzemysław genderdifferencesinthefrequencyofpositiveandnegativeeffectsafteracutecaffeineconsumption |