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Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis

Background: Motivation is a crucial factor in predicting health-related outcomes, and understanding the determinants of motivation can provide valuable insights into how to improve health behaviors and outcomes in older adults. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between intrinsi...

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Autores principales: Rodrigues, Filipe, Jacinto, Miguel, Couto, Nuno, Monteiro, Diogo, Monteiro, António M., Forte, Pedro, Antunes, Raul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052721/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36984600
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030599
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author Rodrigues, Filipe
Jacinto, Miguel
Couto, Nuno
Monteiro, Diogo
Monteiro, António M.
Forte, Pedro
Antunes, Raul
author_facet Rodrigues, Filipe
Jacinto, Miguel
Couto, Nuno
Monteiro, Diogo
Monteiro, António M.
Forte, Pedro
Antunes, Raul
author_sort Rodrigues, Filipe
collection PubMed
description Background: Motivation is a crucial factor in predicting health-related outcomes, and understanding the determinants of motivation can provide valuable insights into how to improve health behaviors and outcomes in older adults. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between intrinsic and extrinsic exercise motivation, basic psychological needs, satisfaction with life, and physical activity among the elderly population. Methods: The sample consisted of 268 older adults (59 male, 209 female) aged 65–90 years old (Mage = 68.11, SD = 6.95). All participants reported that they were exercising, on average, 1.65 days (SD = 0.51) per week. Factor analysis was conducted using a two-step approach. First, a confirmatory factor analysis and then a structural equation model considering all variables under analysis was performed. Results: the structural model displayed acceptable fit to the data: χ2/df = 3.093; CFI = 0.913; TLI = 0.908; SRMR = 0.071; RMSEA 0.079 [0.066, 0.092]. Significant direct effects were found as theoretically proposed, namely: (a) intrinsic motivation were positively and significantly associated with basic psychological need satisfaction (p < 0.001); (b) extrinsic motivation were negatively but not significantly associated with basic psychological needs (p < 0.001); and (c) basic psychological need satisfaction were positively and significantly associated with satisfaction with life (p < 0.001) and physical activity (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Intrinsic motivation and basic psychological needs play a crucial role in shaping exercise behavior and overall well-being. By understanding these motivation and needs, exercise and health professionals can work towards fulfilling them and achieving a greater sense of satisfaction in the life of the elderly and promote exercise adherence.
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spelling pubmed-100527212023-03-30 Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis Rodrigues, Filipe Jacinto, Miguel Couto, Nuno Monteiro, Diogo Monteiro, António M. Forte, Pedro Antunes, Raul Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background: Motivation is a crucial factor in predicting health-related outcomes, and understanding the determinants of motivation can provide valuable insights into how to improve health behaviors and outcomes in older adults. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between intrinsic and extrinsic exercise motivation, basic psychological needs, satisfaction with life, and physical activity among the elderly population. Methods: The sample consisted of 268 older adults (59 male, 209 female) aged 65–90 years old (Mage = 68.11, SD = 6.95). All participants reported that they were exercising, on average, 1.65 days (SD = 0.51) per week. Factor analysis was conducted using a two-step approach. First, a confirmatory factor analysis and then a structural equation model considering all variables under analysis was performed. Results: the structural model displayed acceptable fit to the data: χ2/df = 3.093; CFI = 0.913; TLI = 0.908; SRMR = 0.071; RMSEA 0.079 [0.066, 0.092]. Significant direct effects were found as theoretically proposed, namely: (a) intrinsic motivation were positively and significantly associated with basic psychological need satisfaction (p < 0.001); (b) extrinsic motivation were negatively but not significantly associated with basic psychological needs (p < 0.001); and (c) basic psychological need satisfaction were positively and significantly associated with satisfaction with life (p < 0.001) and physical activity (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Intrinsic motivation and basic psychological needs play a crucial role in shaping exercise behavior and overall well-being. By understanding these motivation and needs, exercise and health professionals can work towards fulfilling them and achieving a greater sense of satisfaction in the life of the elderly and promote exercise adherence. MDPI 2023-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10052721/ /pubmed/36984600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030599 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rodrigues, Filipe
Jacinto, Miguel
Couto, Nuno
Monteiro, Diogo
Monteiro, António M.
Forte, Pedro
Antunes, Raul
Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis
title Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis
title_full Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis
title_fullStr Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis
title_short Motivational Correlates, Satisfaction with Life, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis
title_sort motivational correlates, satisfaction with life, and physical activity in older adults: a structural equation analysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10052721/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36984600
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030599
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