Cargando…

Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms

Acid saccharification of hemicelluloses offers promising pathways to sustainably diversify the revenue of the lignocellulose biorefinery industry. Electrodialysis to separate inorganic acids from acid hydrolysate in the hemicellulose saccharification process could realize the recovery of sulfuric ac...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Luo, Xitao, Sun, Lingling, Shou, Qinghui, Liang, Xiangfeng, Liu, Huizhou
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053187/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36984643
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030256
_version_ 1785015352682348544
author Luo, Xitao
Sun, Lingling
Shou, Qinghui
Liang, Xiangfeng
Liu, Huizhou
author_facet Luo, Xitao
Sun, Lingling
Shou, Qinghui
Liang, Xiangfeng
Liu, Huizhou
author_sort Luo, Xitao
collection PubMed
description Acid saccharification of hemicelluloses offers promising pathways to sustainably diversify the revenue of the lignocellulose biorefinery industry. Electrodialysis to separate inorganic acids from acid hydrolysate in the hemicellulose saccharification process could realize the recovery of sulfuric acid, and significantly reduced the chemical consumption than the traditional ion exchange resins method. In this work, the deacidification of corncob acid hydrolysate was conducted by a homemade electrodialysis apparatus. The results showed that: (1) more than 99% of acid can be removed through the electrodialysis process; (2) A non-negligible membrane fouling occurred during the electrodialysis process, which aggravated with the repeated batch running The final global system resistance rose from 15.8 Ω (1st batch) to 43.9 Ω (10th batch), and the treatment ending time was delayed from 120 min (1st batch) to 162 min (10th batch); (4) About 90% of protein, 70% of ferulate acid, and 80% of p-coumarate acid precipitated from the corncob acid hydrolysate during the electrodialysis process. The zeta potential of corncob acid hydrolysate changed from a positive value to a negative value, and an isoelectric point around pH 2.3 was reached. HSQC, FTTR, and GPC, along with SEM and EDS analysis, revealed that the fouling layers mostly consisted of hydrolysates of protein and lignin. The result of HSQC indicated that the membrane foulant may exist in the form of lignin–carbohydrate complexes, as the lignin component of the membrane foulant is in the form of p-coumarate and ferulate. From the result of FTIR, a strong chemical bonding, such as a covalent linkage, existed between the lignin and protein in the membrane foulant. Throughout the electrodialysis process, the increased pH decreased the stability of colloidal particles, including lignin and proteins. Destabilized colloidal particles started to self-aggregate and form deposits on the anion exchange membrane’s surface. Over time, these deposits covered the entire membrane surface and the spaces between the membranes. Eventually, they attached to the surface of the cation exchange membrane. In the end, a suggestion to control and minimize membrane fouling in this process was discussed: lower pH as a process endpoint and a post-treatment method.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10053187
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-100531872023-03-30 Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms Luo, Xitao Sun, Lingling Shou, Qinghui Liang, Xiangfeng Liu, Huizhou Membranes (Basel) Article Acid saccharification of hemicelluloses offers promising pathways to sustainably diversify the revenue of the lignocellulose biorefinery industry. Electrodialysis to separate inorganic acids from acid hydrolysate in the hemicellulose saccharification process could realize the recovery of sulfuric acid, and significantly reduced the chemical consumption than the traditional ion exchange resins method. In this work, the deacidification of corncob acid hydrolysate was conducted by a homemade electrodialysis apparatus. The results showed that: (1) more than 99% of acid can be removed through the electrodialysis process; (2) A non-negligible membrane fouling occurred during the electrodialysis process, which aggravated with the repeated batch running The final global system resistance rose from 15.8 Ω (1st batch) to 43.9 Ω (10th batch), and the treatment ending time was delayed from 120 min (1st batch) to 162 min (10th batch); (4) About 90% of protein, 70% of ferulate acid, and 80% of p-coumarate acid precipitated from the corncob acid hydrolysate during the electrodialysis process. The zeta potential of corncob acid hydrolysate changed from a positive value to a negative value, and an isoelectric point around pH 2.3 was reached. HSQC, FTTR, and GPC, along with SEM and EDS analysis, revealed that the fouling layers mostly consisted of hydrolysates of protein and lignin. The result of HSQC indicated that the membrane foulant may exist in the form of lignin–carbohydrate complexes, as the lignin component of the membrane foulant is in the form of p-coumarate and ferulate. From the result of FTIR, a strong chemical bonding, such as a covalent linkage, existed between the lignin and protein in the membrane foulant. Throughout the electrodialysis process, the increased pH decreased the stability of colloidal particles, including lignin and proteins. Destabilized colloidal particles started to self-aggregate and form deposits on the anion exchange membrane’s surface. Over time, these deposits covered the entire membrane surface and the spaces between the membranes. Eventually, they attached to the surface of the cation exchange membrane. In the end, a suggestion to control and minimize membrane fouling in this process was discussed: lower pH as a process endpoint and a post-treatment method. MDPI 2023-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10053187/ /pubmed/36984643 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030256 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Luo, Xitao
Sun, Lingling
Shou, Qinghui
Liang, Xiangfeng
Liu, Huizhou
Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms
title Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms
title_full Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms
title_fullStr Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms
title_short Electrodialysis Deacidification of Acid Hydrolysate in Hemicellulose Saccharification Process: Membrane Fouling Identification and Mechanisms
title_sort electrodialysis deacidification of acid hydrolysate in hemicellulose saccharification process: membrane fouling identification and mechanisms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053187/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36984643
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030256
work_keys_str_mv AT luoxitao electrodialysisdeacidificationofacidhydrolysateinhemicellulosesaccharificationprocessmembranefoulingidentificationandmechanisms
AT sunlingling electrodialysisdeacidificationofacidhydrolysateinhemicellulosesaccharificationprocessmembranefoulingidentificationandmechanisms
AT shouqinghui electrodialysisdeacidificationofacidhydrolysateinhemicellulosesaccharificationprocessmembranefoulingidentificationandmechanisms
AT liangxiangfeng electrodialysisdeacidificationofacidhydrolysateinhemicellulosesaccharificationprocessmembranefoulingidentificationandmechanisms
AT liuhuizhou electrodialysisdeacidificationofacidhydrolysateinhemicellulosesaccharificationprocessmembranefoulingidentificationandmechanisms