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The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation

A high concentration of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in circulation has been well-known as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The presence of oxidized LDLs (oxLDLs) in atherosclerotic lesions and circulation was demonstrated using anti-oxLDL monoclonal antibodies. The so-called “oxL...

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Autores principales: Itabe, Hiroyuki, Obama, Takashi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982815
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065747
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author Itabe, Hiroyuki
Obama, Takashi
author_facet Itabe, Hiroyuki
Obama, Takashi
author_sort Itabe, Hiroyuki
collection PubMed
description A high concentration of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in circulation has been well-known as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The presence of oxidized LDLs (oxLDLs) in atherosclerotic lesions and circulation was demonstrated using anti-oxLDL monoclonal antibodies. The so-called “oxLDL hypothesis”, as a mechanism for atherosclerosis development, has been attracting attention for decades. However, the oxLDL has been considered a hypothetical particle since the oxLDL present in vivo has not been fully characterized. Several chemically modified LDLs have been proposed to mimic oxLDLs. Some of the subfractions of LDL, especially Lp(a) and electronegative LDL, have been characterized as oxLDL candidates as oxidized phospholipids that stimulate vascular cells. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) and oxLDL were discovered immunologically in vivo. Recently, an oxLDL-oxHDL complex was found in human plasma, suggesting the involvement of HDLs in the oxidative modification of lipoproteins in vivo. In this review, we summarize our understanding of oxidized lipoproteins and propose a novel standpoint to understand the oxidized lipoproteins present in vivo.
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spelling pubmed-100534462023-03-30 The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation Itabe, Hiroyuki Obama, Takashi Int J Mol Sci Review A high concentration of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in circulation has been well-known as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The presence of oxidized LDLs (oxLDLs) in atherosclerotic lesions and circulation was demonstrated using anti-oxLDL monoclonal antibodies. The so-called “oxLDL hypothesis”, as a mechanism for atherosclerosis development, has been attracting attention for decades. However, the oxLDL has been considered a hypothetical particle since the oxLDL present in vivo has not been fully characterized. Several chemically modified LDLs have been proposed to mimic oxLDLs. Some of the subfractions of LDL, especially Lp(a) and electronegative LDL, have been characterized as oxLDL candidates as oxidized phospholipids that stimulate vascular cells. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) and oxLDL were discovered immunologically in vivo. Recently, an oxLDL-oxHDL complex was found in human plasma, suggesting the involvement of HDLs in the oxidative modification of lipoproteins in vivo. In this review, we summarize our understanding of oxidized lipoproteins and propose a novel standpoint to understand the oxidized lipoproteins present in vivo. MDPI 2023-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10053446/ /pubmed/36982815 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065747 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Itabe, Hiroyuki
Obama, Takashi
The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation
title The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation
title_full The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation
title_fullStr The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation
title_full_unstemmed The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation
title_short The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation
title_sort oxidized lipoproteins in vivo: its diversity and behavior in the human circulation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36982815
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065747
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