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Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time

Light-cured composite resins are widely used in dental restorations to fill cavities and fabricate temporary crowns. After curing, the residual monomer is a known to be cytotoxic, but increasing the curing time should improve biocompatibility. However, a biologically optimized cure time has not been...

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Autores principales: Matsuura, Takanori, Komatsu, Keiji, Choi, Kimberly, Suzumura, Toshikatsu, Cheng, James, Chang, Ting-Ling, Chao, Denny, Ogawa, Takahiro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36976043
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14030119
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author Matsuura, Takanori
Komatsu, Keiji
Choi, Kimberly
Suzumura, Toshikatsu
Cheng, James
Chang, Ting-Ling
Chao, Denny
Ogawa, Takahiro
author_facet Matsuura, Takanori
Komatsu, Keiji
Choi, Kimberly
Suzumura, Toshikatsu
Cheng, James
Chang, Ting-Ling
Chao, Denny
Ogawa, Takahiro
author_sort Matsuura, Takanori
collection PubMed
description Light-cured composite resins are widely used in dental restorations to fill cavities and fabricate temporary crowns. After curing, the residual monomer is a known to be cytotoxic, but increasing the curing time should improve biocompatibility. However, a biologically optimized cure time has not been determined through systematic experimentation. The objective of this study was to examine the behavior and function of human gingival fibroblasts cultured with flowable and bulk-fill composites cured for different periods of time, while considering the physical location of the cells with regard to the materials. Biological effects were separately evaluated for cells in direct contact with, and in close proximity to, the two composite materials. Curing time varied from the recommended 20 s to 40, 60, and 80 s. Pre-cured, milled-acrylic resin was used as a control. No cell survived and attached to or around the flowable composite, regardless of curing time. Some cells survived and attached close to (but not on) the bulk-fill composite, with survival increasing with a longer curing time, albeit to <20% of the numbers growing on milled acrylic even after 80 s of curing. A few cells (<5% of milled acrylic) survived and attached around the flowable composite after removal of the surface layer, but attachment was not cure-time dependent. Removing the surface layer increased cell survival and attachment around the bulk-fill composite after a 20-s cure, but survival was reduced after an 80-s cure. Dental-composite materials are lethal to contacting fibroblasts, regardless of curing time. However, longer curing times mitigated material cytotoxicity exclusively for bulk-fill composites when the cells were not in direct contact. Removing the surface layer slightly improved biocompatibility for cells in proximity to the materials, but not in proportion to cure time. In conclusion, mitigating the cytotoxicity of composite materials by increasing cure time is conditional on the physical location of cells, the type of material, and the finish of the surface layer. This study provides valuable information for clinical decision making and novel insights into the polymerization behavior of composite materials.
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spelling pubmed-100535272023-03-30 Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time Matsuura, Takanori Komatsu, Keiji Choi, Kimberly Suzumura, Toshikatsu Cheng, James Chang, Ting-Ling Chao, Denny Ogawa, Takahiro J Funct Biomater Article Light-cured composite resins are widely used in dental restorations to fill cavities and fabricate temporary crowns. After curing, the residual monomer is a known to be cytotoxic, but increasing the curing time should improve biocompatibility. However, a biologically optimized cure time has not been determined through systematic experimentation. The objective of this study was to examine the behavior and function of human gingival fibroblasts cultured with flowable and bulk-fill composites cured for different periods of time, while considering the physical location of the cells with regard to the materials. Biological effects were separately evaluated for cells in direct contact with, and in close proximity to, the two composite materials. Curing time varied from the recommended 20 s to 40, 60, and 80 s. Pre-cured, milled-acrylic resin was used as a control. No cell survived and attached to or around the flowable composite, regardless of curing time. Some cells survived and attached close to (but not on) the bulk-fill composite, with survival increasing with a longer curing time, albeit to <20% of the numbers growing on milled acrylic even after 80 s of curing. A few cells (<5% of milled acrylic) survived and attached around the flowable composite after removal of the surface layer, but attachment was not cure-time dependent. Removing the surface layer increased cell survival and attachment around the bulk-fill composite after a 20-s cure, but survival was reduced after an 80-s cure. Dental-composite materials are lethal to contacting fibroblasts, regardless of curing time. However, longer curing times mitigated material cytotoxicity exclusively for bulk-fill composites when the cells were not in direct contact. Removing the surface layer slightly improved biocompatibility for cells in proximity to the materials, but not in proportion to cure time. In conclusion, mitigating the cytotoxicity of composite materials by increasing cure time is conditional on the physical location of cells, the type of material, and the finish of the surface layer. This study provides valuable information for clinical decision making and novel insights into the polymerization behavior of composite materials. MDPI 2023-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10053527/ /pubmed/36976043 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14030119 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Matsuura, Takanori
Komatsu, Keiji
Choi, Kimberly
Suzumura, Toshikatsu
Cheng, James
Chang, Ting-Ling
Chao, Denny
Ogawa, Takahiro
Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time
title Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time
title_full Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time
title_fullStr Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time
title_full_unstemmed Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time
title_short Conditional Mitigation of Dental-Composite Material-Induced Cytotoxicity by Increasing the Cure Time
title_sort conditional mitigation of dental-composite material-induced cytotoxicity by increasing the cure time
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36976043
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14030119
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