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Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is one of the major viral pathogens of cattle, responsible for economic losses and causing a substantial impact on animal welfare. Several in vitro 2D models have been used to investigate BCoV infection and its pathogenesis. However, 3D enteroids are likely to be a better m...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10054012/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36992344 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15030635 |
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author | Shakya, Ruchika Jiménez-Meléndez, Alejandro Robertson, Lucy J. Myrmel, Mette |
author_facet | Shakya, Ruchika Jiménez-Meléndez, Alejandro Robertson, Lucy J. Myrmel, Mette |
author_sort | Shakya, Ruchika |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is one of the major viral pathogens of cattle, responsible for economic losses and causing a substantial impact on animal welfare. Several in vitro 2D models have been used to investigate BCoV infection and its pathogenesis. However, 3D enteroids are likely to be a better model with which to investigate host–pathogen interactions. This study established bovine enteroids as an in vitro replication system for BCoV, and we compared the expression of selected genes during the BCoV infection of the enteroids with the expression previously described in HCT-8 cells. The enteroids were successfully established from bovine ileum and permissive to BCoV, as shown by a seven-fold increase in viral RNA after 72 h. Immunostaining of differentiation markers showed a mixed population of differentiated cells. Gene expression ratios at 72 h showed that pro-inflammatory responses such as IL-8 and IL-1A remained unchanged in response to BCoV infection. Expression of other immune genes, including CXCL-3, MMP13, and TNF-α, was significantly downregulated. This study shows that the bovine enteroids had a differentiated cell population and were permissive to BCoV. Further studies are necessary for a comparative analysis to determine whether enteroids are suitable in vitro models to study host responses during BCoV infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10054012 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100540122023-03-30 Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus Shakya, Ruchika Jiménez-Meléndez, Alejandro Robertson, Lucy J. Myrmel, Mette Viruses Article Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is one of the major viral pathogens of cattle, responsible for economic losses and causing a substantial impact on animal welfare. Several in vitro 2D models have been used to investigate BCoV infection and its pathogenesis. However, 3D enteroids are likely to be a better model with which to investigate host–pathogen interactions. This study established bovine enteroids as an in vitro replication system for BCoV, and we compared the expression of selected genes during the BCoV infection of the enteroids with the expression previously described in HCT-8 cells. The enteroids were successfully established from bovine ileum and permissive to BCoV, as shown by a seven-fold increase in viral RNA after 72 h. Immunostaining of differentiation markers showed a mixed population of differentiated cells. Gene expression ratios at 72 h showed that pro-inflammatory responses such as IL-8 and IL-1A remained unchanged in response to BCoV infection. Expression of other immune genes, including CXCL-3, MMP13, and TNF-α, was significantly downregulated. This study shows that the bovine enteroids had a differentiated cell population and were permissive to BCoV. Further studies are necessary for a comparative analysis to determine whether enteroids are suitable in vitro models to study host responses during BCoV infection. MDPI 2023-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10054012/ /pubmed/36992344 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15030635 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Shakya, Ruchika Jiménez-Meléndez, Alejandro Robertson, Lucy J. Myrmel, Mette Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus |
title | Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus |
title_full | Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus |
title_fullStr | Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus |
title_full_unstemmed | Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus |
title_short | Bovine Enteroids as an In Vitro Model for Infection with Bovine Coronavirus |
title_sort | bovine enteroids as an in vitro model for infection with bovine coronavirus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10054012/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36992344 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15030635 |
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