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First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam

Although Blastocystis sp. is the most common enteric protozoan in human stools worldwide, various geographical areas remain to be investigated regarding the frequency and circulation of this parasite. Such is the case of some developing countries in Southeast Asia that exhibit a higher risk for para...

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Autores principales: Nguyen, Linh Do Ngoc, Gantois, Nausicaa, Hoang, Trung Thanh, Do, Bong Thi, Desramaut, Jeremy, Naguib, Doaa, Tran, Tuan Ngoc, Truong, Anh Duc, Even, Gaël, Certad, Gabriela, Chabé, Magali, Viscogliosi, Eric
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10056178/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36985304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030731
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author Nguyen, Linh Do Ngoc
Gantois, Nausicaa
Hoang, Trung Thanh
Do, Bong Thi
Desramaut, Jeremy
Naguib, Doaa
Tran, Tuan Ngoc
Truong, Anh Duc
Even, Gaël
Certad, Gabriela
Chabé, Magali
Viscogliosi, Eric
author_facet Nguyen, Linh Do Ngoc
Gantois, Nausicaa
Hoang, Trung Thanh
Do, Bong Thi
Desramaut, Jeremy
Naguib, Doaa
Tran, Tuan Ngoc
Truong, Anh Duc
Even, Gaël
Certad, Gabriela
Chabé, Magali
Viscogliosi, Eric
author_sort Nguyen, Linh Do Ngoc
collection PubMed
description Although Blastocystis sp. is the most common enteric protozoan in human stools worldwide, various geographical areas remain to be investigated regarding the frequency and circulation of this parasite. Such is the case of some developing countries in Southeast Asia that exhibit a higher risk for parasitic infections due to unsanitary conditions. While several epidemiological surveys have been conducted, for instance, in Thailand, little or no data are available from neighboring countries, such as Vietnam. Therefore, in order to determine the prevalence and subtype (ST) distribution of Blastocystis sp. and to clarify the transmission of the parasite, the first molecular epidemiological survey ever conducted in this country was performed. For this purpose, a total of 310 stool specimens were collected from patients enrolled at the Family Hospital of Da Nang and then tested for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), followed by subtyping of the isolates. The overall prevalence of the parasite reached 34.5% in this Vietnamese cohort. No significant association was found between parasite infection and gender, age, symptomatic status, contact with animals or source of drinking water. Out of the 107 positive patients, nearly half presented mixed infections. Therefore, some of the corresponding samples were reanalyzed by end-point PCR, followed by PCR products cloning and sequencing. Of the 88 total subtyped isolates, ST3 was predominant, followed by ST10, ST14, ST7, ST1, ST4, ST6 and ST8. Our study was, thus, the first to report ST8, ST10 and ST14 in the Southeast Asian population. The predominance of ST3 within this Vietnamese cohort, coupled with its low intra-ST genetic variability, reflected a large inter-human transmission, while ST1 transmission was suggested to be not only anthroponotic, but also likely correlated to animal or environmental sources. Strikingly, isolates considered of animal origin (ST6-ST8, ST10 and ST14) accounted for more than 50% of the subtyped isolates. These findings improved our knowledge of the epidemiology and circulation of Blastocystis sp. in Southeast Asia, and in particular, in Vietnam, and highlighted both a major burden of the parasite in this country and a high risk of zoonotic transmission, mainly from poultry and livestock.
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spelling pubmed-100561782023-03-30 First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam Nguyen, Linh Do Ngoc Gantois, Nausicaa Hoang, Trung Thanh Do, Bong Thi Desramaut, Jeremy Naguib, Doaa Tran, Tuan Ngoc Truong, Anh Duc Even, Gaël Certad, Gabriela Chabé, Magali Viscogliosi, Eric Microorganisms Article Although Blastocystis sp. is the most common enteric protozoan in human stools worldwide, various geographical areas remain to be investigated regarding the frequency and circulation of this parasite. Such is the case of some developing countries in Southeast Asia that exhibit a higher risk for parasitic infections due to unsanitary conditions. While several epidemiological surveys have been conducted, for instance, in Thailand, little or no data are available from neighboring countries, such as Vietnam. Therefore, in order to determine the prevalence and subtype (ST) distribution of Blastocystis sp. and to clarify the transmission of the parasite, the first molecular epidemiological survey ever conducted in this country was performed. For this purpose, a total of 310 stool specimens were collected from patients enrolled at the Family Hospital of Da Nang and then tested for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), followed by subtyping of the isolates. The overall prevalence of the parasite reached 34.5% in this Vietnamese cohort. No significant association was found between parasite infection and gender, age, symptomatic status, contact with animals or source of drinking water. Out of the 107 positive patients, nearly half presented mixed infections. Therefore, some of the corresponding samples were reanalyzed by end-point PCR, followed by PCR products cloning and sequencing. Of the 88 total subtyped isolates, ST3 was predominant, followed by ST10, ST14, ST7, ST1, ST4, ST6 and ST8. Our study was, thus, the first to report ST8, ST10 and ST14 in the Southeast Asian population. The predominance of ST3 within this Vietnamese cohort, coupled with its low intra-ST genetic variability, reflected a large inter-human transmission, while ST1 transmission was suggested to be not only anthroponotic, but also likely correlated to animal or environmental sources. Strikingly, isolates considered of animal origin (ST6-ST8, ST10 and ST14) accounted for more than 50% of the subtyped isolates. These findings improved our knowledge of the epidemiology and circulation of Blastocystis sp. in Southeast Asia, and in particular, in Vietnam, and highlighted both a major burden of the parasite in this country and a high risk of zoonotic transmission, mainly from poultry and livestock. MDPI 2023-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10056178/ /pubmed/36985304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030731 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nguyen, Linh Do Ngoc
Gantois, Nausicaa
Hoang, Trung Thanh
Do, Bong Thi
Desramaut, Jeremy
Naguib, Doaa
Tran, Tuan Ngoc
Truong, Anh Duc
Even, Gaël
Certad, Gabriela
Chabé, Magali
Viscogliosi, Eric
First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam
title First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam
title_full First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam
title_fullStr First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam
title_full_unstemmed First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam
title_short First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam
title_sort first epidemiological survey on the prevalence and subtypes distribution of the enteric parasite blastocystis sp. in vietnam
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10056178/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36985304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030731
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