Evaluation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1, Adropin, and Desnutrin Levels and Related Factors in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

OBJECTIVE: It is known that impaired energy metabolism contributes to the neuropathology of bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to compare the levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), adropin, and desnutrin, which have many metabolic functions besides the regulation of energy metabolism, between patients with BD and healthy controls and to investigate the related factors. METHODS: In the study group, 73 age- and sex-matched participants were included. Of them, 35 were patients diagnosed with BD and 38 were healthy individuals. In the blood samples, in addition to routine biochemistry lipid parameters, the levels of adropin, desnutrin, and GLP-1 were determined. RESULTS: Adropin, desnutrin, and GLP-1 levels were significantly lower in patients with BD than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). In contrast, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher in patients with BD than in healthy controls (respectively P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.002, P = 0.001). It was observed that adropin levels decreased significantly as the duration of the disease increased. CONCLUSION: The low levels of adropin, desnutrin, and GLP-1 that we determined in patients with BD indicate that these peptides may be important in BD pathophysiology.