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Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?

Serological surveys provide an objective biological measure of population immunity, and tetanus serological surveys can also assess vaccination coverage. We undertook a national assessment of immunity to tetanus and diphtheria among Nigerian children aged <15 years using stored specimens collecte...

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Autores principales: Tohme, Rania A., Scobie, Heather M., Okunromade, Oyeladun, Olaleye, Temitope, Shuaib, Faisal, Jegede, Tunde, Yahaya, Ridwan, Nnaemeka, Ndodo, Lawal, Bola, Egwuenu, Abiodun, Parameswaran, Nishanth, Cooley, Gretchen, An, Qian, Coughlin, Melissa, Okposen, Bassey B., Adetifa, Ifedayo, Bolu, Omotayo, Ihekweazu, Chikwe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10056928/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36992247
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030663
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author Tohme, Rania A.
Scobie, Heather M.
Okunromade, Oyeladun
Olaleye, Temitope
Shuaib, Faisal
Jegede, Tunde
Yahaya, Ridwan
Nnaemeka, Ndodo
Lawal, Bola
Egwuenu, Abiodun
Parameswaran, Nishanth
Cooley, Gretchen
An, Qian
Coughlin, Melissa
Okposen, Bassey B.
Adetifa, Ifedayo
Bolu, Omotayo
Ihekweazu, Chikwe
author_facet Tohme, Rania A.
Scobie, Heather M.
Okunromade, Oyeladun
Olaleye, Temitope
Shuaib, Faisal
Jegede, Tunde
Yahaya, Ridwan
Nnaemeka, Ndodo
Lawal, Bola
Egwuenu, Abiodun
Parameswaran, Nishanth
Cooley, Gretchen
An, Qian
Coughlin, Melissa
Okposen, Bassey B.
Adetifa, Ifedayo
Bolu, Omotayo
Ihekweazu, Chikwe
author_sort Tohme, Rania A.
collection PubMed
description Serological surveys provide an objective biological measure of population immunity, and tetanus serological surveys can also assess vaccination coverage. We undertook a national assessment of immunity to tetanus and diphtheria among Nigerian children aged <15 years using stored specimens collected during the 2018 Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey, a national cross-sectional household-based survey. We used a validated multiplex bead assay to test for tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-antibodies. In total, 31,456 specimens were tested. Overall, 70.9% and 84.3% of children aged <15 years had at least minimal seroprotection (≥0.01 IU/mL) against tetanus and diphtheria, respectively. Seroprotection was lowest in the north west and north east zones. Factors associated with increased tetanus seroprotection included living in the southern geopolitical zones, urban residence, and higher wealth quintiles (p < 0.001). Full seroprotection (≥0.1 IU/mL) was the same for tetanus (42.2%) and diphtheria (41.7%), while long-term seroprotection (≥1 IU/mL) was 15.1% for tetanus and 6.0% for diphtheria. Full- and long-term seroprotection were higher in boys compared to girls (p < 0.001). Achieving high infant vaccination coverage by targeting specific geographic areas and socio-economic groups and introducing tetanus and diphtheria booster doses in childhood and adolescence are needed to achieve lifelong protection against tetanus and diphtheria and prevent maternal and neonatal tetanus.
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spelling pubmed-100569282023-03-30 Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? Tohme, Rania A. Scobie, Heather M. Okunromade, Oyeladun Olaleye, Temitope Shuaib, Faisal Jegede, Tunde Yahaya, Ridwan Nnaemeka, Ndodo Lawal, Bola Egwuenu, Abiodun Parameswaran, Nishanth Cooley, Gretchen An, Qian Coughlin, Melissa Okposen, Bassey B. Adetifa, Ifedayo Bolu, Omotayo Ihekweazu, Chikwe Vaccines (Basel) Article Serological surveys provide an objective biological measure of population immunity, and tetanus serological surveys can also assess vaccination coverage. We undertook a national assessment of immunity to tetanus and diphtheria among Nigerian children aged <15 years using stored specimens collected during the 2018 Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey, a national cross-sectional household-based survey. We used a validated multiplex bead assay to test for tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-antibodies. In total, 31,456 specimens were tested. Overall, 70.9% and 84.3% of children aged <15 years had at least minimal seroprotection (≥0.01 IU/mL) against tetanus and diphtheria, respectively. Seroprotection was lowest in the north west and north east zones. Factors associated with increased tetanus seroprotection included living in the southern geopolitical zones, urban residence, and higher wealth quintiles (p < 0.001). Full seroprotection (≥0.1 IU/mL) was the same for tetanus (42.2%) and diphtheria (41.7%), while long-term seroprotection (≥1 IU/mL) was 15.1% for tetanus and 6.0% for diphtheria. Full- and long-term seroprotection were higher in boys compared to girls (p < 0.001). Achieving high infant vaccination coverage by targeting specific geographic areas and socio-economic groups and introducing tetanus and diphtheria booster doses in childhood and adolescence are needed to achieve lifelong protection against tetanus and diphtheria and prevent maternal and neonatal tetanus. MDPI 2023-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10056928/ /pubmed/36992247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030663 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tohme, Rania A.
Scobie, Heather M.
Okunromade, Oyeladun
Olaleye, Temitope
Shuaib, Faisal
Jegede, Tunde
Yahaya, Ridwan
Nnaemeka, Ndodo
Lawal, Bola
Egwuenu, Abiodun
Parameswaran, Nishanth
Cooley, Gretchen
An, Qian
Coughlin, Melissa
Okposen, Bassey B.
Adetifa, Ifedayo
Bolu, Omotayo
Ihekweazu, Chikwe
Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?
title Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?
title_full Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?
title_fullStr Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?
title_full_unstemmed Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?
title_short Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?
title_sort tetanus and diphtheria seroprotection among children younger than 15 years in nigeria, 2018: who are the unprotected children?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10056928/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36992247
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030663
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