Cargando…
Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?
Serological surveys provide an objective biological measure of population immunity, and tetanus serological surveys can also assess vaccination coverage. We undertook a national assessment of immunity to tetanus and diphtheria among Nigerian children aged <15 years using stored specimens collecte...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10056928/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36992247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030663 |
_version_ | 1785016243045007360 |
---|---|
author | Tohme, Rania A. Scobie, Heather M. Okunromade, Oyeladun Olaleye, Temitope Shuaib, Faisal Jegede, Tunde Yahaya, Ridwan Nnaemeka, Ndodo Lawal, Bola Egwuenu, Abiodun Parameswaran, Nishanth Cooley, Gretchen An, Qian Coughlin, Melissa Okposen, Bassey B. Adetifa, Ifedayo Bolu, Omotayo Ihekweazu, Chikwe |
author_facet | Tohme, Rania A. Scobie, Heather M. Okunromade, Oyeladun Olaleye, Temitope Shuaib, Faisal Jegede, Tunde Yahaya, Ridwan Nnaemeka, Ndodo Lawal, Bola Egwuenu, Abiodun Parameswaran, Nishanth Cooley, Gretchen An, Qian Coughlin, Melissa Okposen, Bassey B. Adetifa, Ifedayo Bolu, Omotayo Ihekweazu, Chikwe |
author_sort | Tohme, Rania A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Serological surveys provide an objective biological measure of population immunity, and tetanus serological surveys can also assess vaccination coverage. We undertook a national assessment of immunity to tetanus and diphtheria among Nigerian children aged <15 years using stored specimens collected during the 2018 Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey, a national cross-sectional household-based survey. We used a validated multiplex bead assay to test for tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-antibodies. In total, 31,456 specimens were tested. Overall, 70.9% and 84.3% of children aged <15 years had at least minimal seroprotection (≥0.01 IU/mL) against tetanus and diphtheria, respectively. Seroprotection was lowest in the north west and north east zones. Factors associated with increased tetanus seroprotection included living in the southern geopolitical zones, urban residence, and higher wealth quintiles (p < 0.001). Full seroprotection (≥0.1 IU/mL) was the same for tetanus (42.2%) and diphtheria (41.7%), while long-term seroprotection (≥1 IU/mL) was 15.1% for tetanus and 6.0% for diphtheria. Full- and long-term seroprotection were higher in boys compared to girls (p < 0.001). Achieving high infant vaccination coverage by targeting specific geographic areas and socio-economic groups and introducing tetanus and diphtheria booster doses in childhood and adolescence are needed to achieve lifelong protection against tetanus and diphtheria and prevent maternal and neonatal tetanus. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10056928 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100569282023-03-30 Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? Tohme, Rania A. Scobie, Heather M. Okunromade, Oyeladun Olaleye, Temitope Shuaib, Faisal Jegede, Tunde Yahaya, Ridwan Nnaemeka, Ndodo Lawal, Bola Egwuenu, Abiodun Parameswaran, Nishanth Cooley, Gretchen An, Qian Coughlin, Melissa Okposen, Bassey B. Adetifa, Ifedayo Bolu, Omotayo Ihekweazu, Chikwe Vaccines (Basel) Article Serological surveys provide an objective biological measure of population immunity, and tetanus serological surveys can also assess vaccination coverage. We undertook a national assessment of immunity to tetanus and diphtheria among Nigerian children aged <15 years using stored specimens collected during the 2018 Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey, a national cross-sectional household-based survey. We used a validated multiplex bead assay to test for tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-antibodies. In total, 31,456 specimens were tested. Overall, 70.9% and 84.3% of children aged <15 years had at least minimal seroprotection (≥0.01 IU/mL) against tetanus and diphtheria, respectively. Seroprotection was lowest in the north west and north east zones. Factors associated with increased tetanus seroprotection included living in the southern geopolitical zones, urban residence, and higher wealth quintiles (p < 0.001). Full seroprotection (≥0.1 IU/mL) was the same for tetanus (42.2%) and diphtheria (41.7%), while long-term seroprotection (≥1 IU/mL) was 15.1% for tetanus and 6.0% for diphtheria. Full- and long-term seroprotection were higher in boys compared to girls (p < 0.001). Achieving high infant vaccination coverage by targeting specific geographic areas and socio-economic groups and introducing tetanus and diphtheria booster doses in childhood and adolescence are needed to achieve lifelong protection against tetanus and diphtheria and prevent maternal and neonatal tetanus. MDPI 2023-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10056928/ /pubmed/36992247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030663 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tohme, Rania A. Scobie, Heather M. Okunromade, Oyeladun Olaleye, Temitope Shuaib, Faisal Jegede, Tunde Yahaya, Ridwan Nnaemeka, Ndodo Lawal, Bola Egwuenu, Abiodun Parameswaran, Nishanth Cooley, Gretchen An, Qian Coughlin, Melissa Okposen, Bassey B. Adetifa, Ifedayo Bolu, Omotayo Ihekweazu, Chikwe Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? |
title | Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? |
title_full | Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? |
title_fullStr | Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? |
title_full_unstemmed | Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? |
title_short | Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children? |
title_sort | tetanus and diphtheria seroprotection among children younger than 15 years in nigeria, 2018: who are the unprotected children? |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10056928/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36992247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030663 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tohmeraniaa tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT scobieheatherm tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT okunromadeoyeladun tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT olaleyetemitope tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT shuaibfaisal tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT jegedetunde tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT yahayaridwan tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT nnaemekandodo tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT lawalbola tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT egwuenuabiodun tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT parameswarannishanth tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT cooleygretchen tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT anqian tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT coughlinmelissa tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT okposenbasseyb tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT adetifaifedayo tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT boluomotayo tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren AT ihekweazuchikwe tetanusanddiphtheriaseroprotectionamongchildrenyoungerthan15yearsinnigeria2018whoaretheunprotectedchildren |