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The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation

Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is a life-threatening medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Common secondary complications following SBE, such as wound infections, are significant due to their impact on worsening local tissue damage and causing systemic infection. Antivenoms are not effective t...

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Autores principales: Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Salim, Anika, Almeida, José R., Williams, Jarred, Vijayakumar, Pradeep, Thirunavukarasu, Angayarkanni, Christopoulos, Markellos Alexandros, Williams, Harry F., Thirumalaikolundusubramanian, Ponniah, Patel, Ketan, Vaiyapuri, Sakthivel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10057039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36977081
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15030190
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author Senthilkumaran, Subramanian
Salim, Anika
Almeida, José R.
Williams, Jarred
Vijayakumar, Pradeep
Thirunavukarasu, Angayarkanni
Christopoulos, Markellos Alexandros
Williams, Harry F.
Thirumalaikolundusubramanian, Ponniah
Patel, Ketan
Vaiyapuri, Sakthivel
author_facet Senthilkumaran, Subramanian
Salim, Anika
Almeida, José R.
Williams, Jarred
Vijayakumar, Pradeep
Thirunavukarasu, Angayarkanni
Christopoulos, Markellos Alexandros
Williams, Harry F.
Thirumalaikolundusubramanian, Ponniah
Patel, Ketan
Vaiyapuri, Sakthivel
author_sort Senthilkumaran, Subramanian
collection PubMed
description Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is a life-threatening medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Common secondary complications following SBE, such as wound infections, are significant due to their impact on worsening local tissue damage and causing systemic infection. Antivenoms are not effective to treat wound infections following SBE. Moreover, in several rural clinical settings, broad-spectrum antibiotics are often used without clear guidelines or based on limited laboratory data, resulting in undesirable side effects and exacerbated treatment costs. Therefore, robust antibiotic strategies should be developed to tackle this critical issue. Currently, there is limited information available on the bacterial profiles of SBE-induced infections and antibiotic susceptibility. Hence, it is essential to improve the knowledge of bacterial profiles and their antibiotic sensitivity in SBE victims to develop better treatment strategies. This study aimed to address this issue by examining the bacterial profiles of SBE victims with a specific focus on Russell’s viper envenomation. The most frequently found bacteria in the bites of SBE victims were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Linezolid, clindamycin, colistin, meropenem, and amikacin were some of the most effective antibiotics for commonly grown bacteria in SBE victims. Similarly, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, amoxiclave, cefixime, and tetracyclin were the least effective antibiotics for common bacteria found in the wound swabs of SBE victims. These data provide robust guidance for infection management following SBE and offer useful insights to aid in designing effective treatment protocols for SBE with serious wound infections in rural areas where laboratory facilities may not be readily available.
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spelling pubmed-100570392023-03-30 The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation Senthilkumaran, Subramanian Salim, Anika Almeida, José R. Williams, Jarred Vijayakumar, Pradeep Thirunavukarasu, Angayarkanni Christopoulos, Markellos Alexandros Williams, Harry F. Thirumalaikolundusubramanian, Ponniah Patel, Ketan Vaiyapuri, Sakthivel Toxins (Basel) Article Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is a life-threatening medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Common secondary complications following SBE, such as wound infections, are significant due to their impact on worsening local tissue damage and causing systemic infection. Antivenoms are not effective to treat wound infections following SBE. Moreover, in several rural clinical settings, broad-spectrum antibiotics are often used without clear guidelines or based on limited laboratory data, resulting in undesirable side effects and exacerbated treatment costs. Therefore, robust antibiotic strategies should be developed to tackle this critical issue. Currently, there is limited information available on the bacterial profiles of SBE-induced infections and antibiotic susceptibility. Hence, it is essential to improve the knowledge of bacterial profiles and their antibiotic sensitivity in SBE victims to develop better treatment strategies. This study aimed to address this issue by examining the bacterial profiles of SBE victims with a specific focus on Russell’s viper envenomation. The most frequently found bacteria in the bites of SBE victims were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Linezolid, clindamycin, colistin, meropenem, and amikacin were some of the most effective antibiotics for commonly grown bacteria in SBE victims. Similarly, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, amoxiclave, cefixime, and tetracyclin were the least effective antibiotics for common bacteria found in the wound swabs of SBE victims. These data provide robust guidance for infection management following SBE and offer useful insights to aid in designing effective treatment protocols for SBE with serious wound infections in rural areas where laboratory facilities may not be readily available. MDPI 2023-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10057039/ /pubmed/36977081 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15030190 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Senthilkumaran, Subramanian
Salim, Anika
Almeida, José R.
Williams, Jarred
Vijayakumar, Pradeep
Thirunavukarasu, Angayarkanni
Christopoulos, Markellos Alexandros
Williams, Harry F.
Thirumalaikolundusubramanian, Ponniah
Patel, Ketan
Vaiyapuri, Sakthivel
The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation
title The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation
title_full The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation
title_fullStr The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation
title_full_unstemmed The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation
title_short The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Managing Bacterial Infections on Bite Sites following Snakebite Envenomation
title_sort effectiveness of antibiotics in managing bacterial infections on bite sites following snakebite envenomation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10057039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36977081
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15030190
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