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Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China
Background: Emerging clinical evidence indicates the potential gastrointestinal (GI) benefits of milk containing only A2 β-casein, but data from randomized controlled trials is sparse among pediatric populations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-up milk (GUM) containing only A2 β-ca...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10058316/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36986042 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15061313 |
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author | Meng, Ying Zhou, Yubo Li, Hongtian Chen, Yipu Dominik, Grathwohl Dong, Jie Tang, Youchi Saavedra, Jose M. Liu, Jianmeng |
author_facet | Meng, Ying Zhou, Yubo Li, Hongtian Chen, Yipu Dominik, Grathwohl Dong, Jie Tang, Youchi Saavedra, Jose M. Liu, Jianmeng |
author_sort | Meng, Ying |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Emerging clinical evidence indicates the potential gastrointestinal (GI) benefits of milk containing only A2 β-casein, but data from randomized controlled trials is sparse among pediatric populations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-up milk (GUM) containing only A2 β-casein on GI tolerance in toddlers. Methods: A total of 387 toddlers aged 12–36 months were recruited in Beijing, China, and randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to consume one of two commercially available A2 GUMs (combined in the analysis as A2 GUM) or continue their current feeding regimen of conventional milk for 14 days. The primary outcome was the total Gut Comfort Score (GCS) (range: 10–60; higher values indicate greater GI distress) derived from a 10-item (score range: 1–6 per item) parent-reported questionnaire, reflecting GI tolerance. Results: The GCS (mean ± SD) was comparable between the A2 GUM and conventional milk groups on day 7 (14.7 ± 5.0 vs. 15.0 ± 6.1, p = 0.54) and day 14 (14.0 ± 4.5 vs. 14.3 ± 5.5, p = 0.51). Parents reported less constipation in those consuming A2 GUM vs. conventional milk on day 14 (1.3 ± 0.6 vs. 1.4 ± 0.9, p = 0.020). Among 124 participants with minor GI distress at baseline (GCS ≥ 17, top tertile range 17–35), GCS was significantly lower in those consuming A2 GUM on day 7 (18.2 ± 5.1 vs. 21.2 ± 6.8, p = 0.004) and day 14 (17.1 ± 5.3 vs. 19.6 ± 6.3, p = 0.026), as were individual GI symptoms (all p < 0.05). In the toddlers without GI issues at baseline (GCS < 17), a low GCS was maintained throughout the study period after switching to A2 GUM (mean values range 10–13). Conclusions: Growing-up milk containing only A2 β-casein were well-tolerated and associated with lower parent-reported constipation scores after two weeks when compared to conventional milks. In healthy toddlers with minor GI distress, A2 GUM improved overall digestive comfort and GI-related symptoms within one week. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10058316 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100583162023-03-30 Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China Meng, Ying Zhou, Yubo Li, Hongtian Chen, Yipu Dominik, Grathwohl Dong, Jie Tang, Youchi Saavedra, Jose M. Liu, Jianmeng Nutrients Article Background: Emerging clinical evidence indicates the potential gastrointestinal (GI) benefits of milk containing only A2 β-casein, but data from randomized controlled trials is sparse among pediatric populations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-up milk (GUM) containing only A2 β-casein on GI tolerance in toddlers. Methods: A total of 387 toddlers aged 12–36 months were recruited in Beijing, China, and randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to consume one of two commercially available A2 GUMs (combined in the analysis as A2 GUM) or continue their current feeding regimen of conventional milk for 14 days. The primary outcome was the total Gut Comfort Score (GCS) (range: 10–60; higher values indicate greater GI distress) derived from a 10-item (score range: 1–6 per item) parent-reported questionnaire, reflecting GI tolerance. Results: The GCS (mean ± SD) was comparable between the A2 GUM and conventional milk groups on day 7 (14.7 ± 5.0 vs. 15.0 ± 6.1, p = 0.54) and day 14 (14.0 ± 4.5 vs. 14.3 ± 5.5, p = 0.51). Parents reported less constipation in those consuming A2 GUM vs. conventional milk on day 14 (1.3 ± 0.6 vs. 1.4 ± 0.9, p = 0.020). Among 124 participants with minor GI distress at baseline (GCS ≥ 17, top tertile range 17–35), GCS was significantly lower in those consuming A2 GUM on day 7 (18.2 ± 5.1 vs. 21.2 ± 6.8, p = 0.004) and day 14 (17.1 ± 5.3 vs. 19.6 ± 6.3, p = 0.026), as were individual GI symptoms (all p < 0.05). In the toddlers without GI issues at baseline (GCS < 17), a low GCS was maintained throughout the study period after switching to A2 GUM (mean values range 10–13). Conclusions: Growing-up milk containing only A2 β-casein were well-tolerated and associated with lower parent-reported constipation scores after two weeks when compared to conventional milks. In healthy toddlers with minor GI distress, A2 GUM improved overall digestive comfort and GI-related symptoms within one week. MDPI 2023-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10058316/ /pubmed/36986042 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15061313 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Meng, Ying Zhou, Yubo Li, Hongtian Chen, Yipu Dominik, Grathwohl Dong, Jie Tang, Youchi Saavedra, Jose M. Liu, Jianmeng Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China |
title | Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China |
title_full | Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China |
title_fullStr | Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China |
title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China |
title_short | Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China |
title_sort | effectiveness of growing-up milk containing only a2 β-casein on digestive comfort in toddlers: a randomized controlled trial in china |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10058316/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36986042 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15061313 |
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