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Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women
Background and Objectives: The physiological phenomenon peculiar to women, namely menopause, makes the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in postmenopausal hypertensive women more characteristic. Less is known about the risk of developing LVH in Chinese postmenopausal hypertensive wome...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10058473/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36984599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030598 |
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author | Yuan, Ruowen Chen, Jianshu Zhang, Shangyun Zhang, Xiaowei Yu, Jing |
author_facet | Yuan, Ruowen Chen, Jianshu Zhang, Shangyun Zhang, Xiaowei Yu, Jing |
author_sort | Yuan, Ruowen |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background and Objectives: The physiological phenomenon peculiar to women, namely menopause, makes the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in postmenopausal hypertensive women more characteristic. Less is known about the risk of developing LVH in Chinese postmenopausal hypertensive women. Thus, the present study was intended to design a nomogram for predicting the risk of developing LVH in Chinese postmenopausal hypertensive women. Materials and Methods: Postmenopausal hypertensive women aged between 49 and 68 years were divided into either the training set (n = 550) or the validation set (n = 284) in a 2:1 ratio. Patients in the validation set were followed up for one year. A stepwise multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the predictors of LVH in postmenopausal women with hypertension. The best-fit nomogram was executed using R software. The calibration and decision curve were employed to verify the predictive accuracy of the nomogram. The results were evaluated in the validation set. Results: Menopause age (OR = 0.929, 95% CI 0.866–0.998, p = 0.044), BMI (OR = 1.067, 95% CI 1.019–1.116, p = 0.005), morning systolic blood pressure (SBP: OR = 1.050, 95% CI 1.032–1.069, p = 0.000), morning diastolic BP (DBP OR = 1.055, 95% CI 1.028–1.083, p = 0.003), angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) utilization rate (OR = 0.219, 95% CI 0.131–0.365, p = 0.000), LDL-C (OR = 1.460, 95% CI 1.090–1.954, p = 0.011) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) (OR = 1.415, 95% CI 1.139–1.757, p = 0.028) were associated with LVH in postmenopausal hypertension patients. The nomogram model was then developed using these variables. The internal validation trial showed that the nomogram model described herein had good performance in discriminating a C-index of 0.881 (95% CI: 0.837–0.924) and high quality of calibration plots. External validation of LVH-predictive nomogram results showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.903 (95%CI 0.900–0.907). Conclusions: Our results indicate that the risk prediction nomogram model based on menopausal age, BMI, morning SBP, morning DBP, ARB utilization rate, LDL-C and CAVI has good accuracy and may provide useful references for the medical staff in the intuitive and individualized risk assessment in clinical practice. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10058473 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100584732023-03-30 Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women Yuan, Ruowen Chen, Jianshu Zhang, Shangyun Zhang, Xiaowei Yu, Jing Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and Objectives: The physiological phenomenon peculiar to women, namely menopause, makes the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in postmenopausal hypertensive women more characteristic. Less is known about the risk of developing LVH in Chinese postmenopausal hypertensive women. Thus, the present study was intended to design a nomogram for predicting the risk of developing LVH in Chinese postmenopausal hypertensive women. Materials and Methods: Postmenopausal hypertensive women aged between 49 and 68 years were divided into either the training set (n = 550) or the validation set (n = 284) in a 2:1 ratio. Patients in the validation set were followed up for one year. A stepwise multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the predictors of LVH in postmenopausal women with hypertension. The best-fit nomogram was executed using R software. The calibration and decision curve were employed to verify the predictive accuracy of the nomogram. The results were evaluated in the validation set. Results: Menopause age (OR = 0.929, 95% CI 0.866–0.998, p = 0.044), BMI (OR = 1.067, 95% CI 1.019–1.116, p = 0.005), morning systolic blood pressure (SBP: OR = 1.050, 95% CI 1.032–1.069, p = 0.000), morning diastolic BP (DBP OR = 1.055, 95% CI 1.028–1.083, p = 0.003), angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) utilization rate (OR = 0.219, 95% CI 0.131–0.365, p = 0.000), LDL-C (OR = 1.460, 95% CI 1.090–1.954, p = 0.011) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) (OR = 1.415, 95% CI 1.139–1.757, p = 0.028) were associated with LVH in postmenopausal hypertension patients. The nomogram model was then developed using these variables. The internal validation trial showed that the nomogram model described herein had good performance in discriminating a C-index of 0.881 (95% CI: 0.837–0.924) and high quality of calibration plots. External validation of LVH-predictive nomogram results showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.903 (95%CI 0.900–0.907). Conclusions: Our results indicate that the risk prediction nomogram model based on menopausal age, BMI, morning SBP, morning DBP, ARB utilization rate, LDL-C and CAVI has good accuracy and may provide useful references for the medical staff in the intuitive and individualized risk assessment in clinical practice. MDPI 2023-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10058473/ /pubmed/36984599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030598 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Yuan, Ruowen Chen, Jianshu Zhang, Shangyun Zhang, Xiaowei Yu, Jing Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women |
title | Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women |
title_full | Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women |
title_fullStr | Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women |
title_full_unstemmed | Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women |
title_short | Establishment of an Individual-Specific Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chinese Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women |
title_sort | establishment of an individual-specific nomogram for predicting the risk of left ventricular hypertrophy in chinese postmenopausal hypertensive women |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10058473/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36984599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030598 |
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