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Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus

Heme is best known for its role as a versatile prosthetic group in prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins with diverse biological functions including gas and electron transport, as well as a wide array of redox chemistry. However, free heme and related tetrapyrroles also have important roles in the cel...

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Autores principales: Perez-Ortiz, Gustavo, Sidda, John D., Peate, Jessica, Ciccarelli, Davide, Ding, Yaoyu, Barry, Sarah M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10060970/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37007481
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1092166
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author Perez-Ortiz, Gustavo
Sidda, John D.
Peate, Jessica
Ciccarelli, Davide
Ding, Yaoyu
Barry, Sarah M.
author_facet Perez-Ortiz, Gustavo
Sidda, John D.
Peate, Jessica
Ciccarelli, Davide
Ding, Yaoyu
Barry, Sarah M.
author_sort Perez-Ortiz, Gustavo
collection PubMed
description Heme is best known for its role as a versatile prosthetic group in prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins with diverse biological functions including gas and electron transport, as well as a wide array of redox chemistry. However, free heme and related tetrapyrroles also have important roles in the cell. In several bacterial strains, heme biosynthetic precursors and degradation products have been proposed to function as signaling molecules, ion chelators, antioxidants and photoprotectants. While the uptake and degradation of heme by bacterial pathogens is well studied, less is understood about the physiological role of these processes and their products in non-pathogenic bacteria. Streptomyces are slow growing soil bacteria known for their extraordinary capacity to produce complex secondary metabolites, particularly many clinically used antibiotics. Here we report the unambiguous identification of three tetrapyrrole metabolites from heme metabolism, coproporphyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin, in culture extracts of the rufomycin antibiotic producing Streptomyces atratus DSM41673. We propose that biliverdin and bilirubin may combat oxidative stress induced by nitric oxide production during rufomycin biosynthesis, and indicate the genes involved in their production. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of the production of all three of these tetrapyrroles by a Streptomycete.
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spelling pubmed-100609702023-03-31 Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus Perez-Ortiz, Gustavo Sidda, John D. Peate, Jessica Ciccarelli, Davide Ding, Yaoyu Barry, Sarah M. Front Microbiol Microbiology Heme is best known for its role as a versatile prosthetic group in prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins with diverse biological functions including gas and electron transport, as well as a wide array of redox chemistry. However, free heme and related tetrapyrroles also have important roles in the cell. In several bacterial strains, heme biosynthetic precursors and degradation products have been proposed to function as signaling molecules, ion chelators, antioxidants and photoprotectants. While the uptake and degradation of heme by bacterial pathogens is well studied, less is understood about the physiological role of these processes and their products in non-pathogenic bacteria. Streptomyces are slow growing soil bacteria known for their extraordinary capacity to produce complex secondary metabolites, particularly many clinically used antibiotics. Here we report the unambiguous identification of three tetrapyrrole metabolites from heme metabolism, coproporphyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin, in culture extracts of the rufomycin antibiotic producing Streptomyces atratus DSM41673. We propose that biliverdin and bilirubin may combat oxidative stress induced by nitric oxide production during rufomycin biosynthesis, and indicate the genes involved in their production. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of the production of all three of these tetrapyrroles by a Streptomycete. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10060970/ /pubmed/37007481 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1092166 Text en Copyright © 2023 Perez-Ortiz, Sidda, Peate, Ciccarelli, Ding and Barry. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Perez-Ortiz, Gustavo
Sidda, John D.
Peate, Jessica
Ciccarelli, Davide
Ding, Yaoyu
Barry, Sarah M.
Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus
title Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus
title_full Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus
title_fullStr Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus
title_full_unstemmed Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus
title_short Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus
title_sort production of copropophyrin iii, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, streptomyces atratus
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10060970/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37007481
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1092166
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