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Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals

Accurate motion perception requires that the visual system integrate the 2D retinal motion signals received by the two eyes into a single representation of 3D motion. However, most experimental paradigms present the same stimulus to the two eyes, signaling motion limited to a 2D fronto-parallel plan...

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Autores principales: Wen, Puti, Landy, Michael S., Rokers, Bas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10061442/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36801370
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119909
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author Wen, Puti
Landy, Michael S.
Rokers, Bas
author_facet Wen, Puti
Landy, Michael S.
Rokers, Bas
author_sort Wen, Puti
collection PubMed
description Accurate motion perception requires that the visual system integrate the 2D retinal motion signals received by the two eyes into a single representation of 3D motion. However, most experimental paradigms present the same stimulus to the two eyes, signaling motion limited to a 2D fronto-parallel plane. Such paradigms are unable to dissociate the representation of 3D head-centric motion signals (i.e., 3D object motion relative to the observer) from the associated 2D retinal motion signals. Here, we used stereoscopic displays to present separate motion signals to the two eyes and examined their representation in visual cortex using fMRI. Specifically, we presented random-dot motion stimuli that specified various 3D head-centric motion directions. We also presented control stimuli, which matched the motion energy of the retinal signals, but were inconsistent with any 3D motion direction. We decoded motion direction from BOLD activity using a probabilistic decoding algorithm. We found that 3D motion direction signals can be reliably decoded in three major clusters in the human visual system. Critically, in early visual cortex (V1-V3), we found no significant difference in decoding performance between stimuli specifying 3D motion directions and the control stimuli, suggesting that these areas represent the 2D retinal motion signals, rather than 3D head-centric motion itself. In voxels in and surrounding hMT and IPS0 however, decoding performance was consistently superior for stimuli that specified 3D motion directions compared to control stimuli. Our results reveal the parts of the visual processing hierarchy that are critical for the transformation of retinal into 3D head-centric motion signals and suggest a role for IPS0 in their representation, in addition to its sensitivity to 3D object structure and static depth.
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spelling pubmed-100614422023-04-15 Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals Wen, Puti Landy, Michael S. Rokers, Bas Neuroimage Article Accurate motion perception requires that the visual system integrate the 2D retinal motion signals received by the two eyes into a single representation of 3D motion. However, most experimental paradigms present the same stimulus to the two eyes, signaling motion limited to a 2D fronto-parallel plane. Such paradigms are unable to dissociate the representation of 3D head-centric motion signals (i.e., 3D object motion relative to the observer) from the associated 2D retinal motion signals. Here, we used stereoscopic displays to present separate motion signals to the two eyes and examined their representation in visual cortex using fMRI. Specifically, we presented random-dot motion stimuli that specified various 3D head-centric motion directions. We also presented control stimuli, which matched the motion energy of the retinal signals, but were inconsistent with any 3D motion direction. We decoded motion direction from BOLD activity using a probabilistic decoding algorithm. We found that 3D motion direction signals can be reliably decoded in three major clusters in the human visual system. Critically, in early visual cortex (V1-V3), we found no significant difference in decoding performance between stimuli specifying 3D motion directions and the control stimuli, suggesting that these areas represent the 2D retinal motion signals, rather than 3D head-centric motion itself. In voxels in and surrounding hMT and IPS0 however, decoding performance was consistently superior for stimuli that specified 3D motion directions compared to control stimuli. Our results reveal the parts of the visual processing hierarchy that are critical for the transformation of retinal into 3D head-centric motion signals and suggest a role for IPS0 in their representation, in addition to its sensitivity to 3D object structure and static depth. 2023-04-15 2023-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10061442/ /pubmed/36801370 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119909 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) )
spellingShingle Article
Wen, Puti
Landy, Michael S.
Rokers, Bas
Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals
title Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals
title_full Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals
title_fullStr Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals
title_full_unstemmed Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals
title_short Identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2D retinal to 3D head-centric motion signals
title_sort identifying cortical areas that underlie the transformation from 2d retinal to 3d head-centric motion signals
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10061442/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36801370
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119909
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