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Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years

The invasion of exotic, annual plant species is a leading contributor to ecological degradation in drylands globally, and the use of pre-emergent herbicide to control these species is common. Pre-emergent herbicides pose challenges for seed-based restoration due to toxicity to the seeds of desired s...

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Autores principales: Baughman, Owen W., Eshleman, Magdalena, Griffen, Jessica, Rios, Roxanne, Boyd, Chad, Kildisheva, Olga A., Olsen, Andrew, Cahill, Matthew, Kerby, Jay D., Riginos, Corinna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10062626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36996261
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283678
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author Baughman, Owen W.
Eshleman, Magdalena
Griffen, Jessica
Rios, Roxanne
Boyd, Chad
Kildisheva, Olga A.
Olsen, Andrew
Cahill, Matthew
Kerby, Jay D.
Riginos, Corinna
author_facet Baughman, Owen W.
Eshleman, Magdalena
Griffen, Jessica
Rios, Roxanne
Boyd, Chad
Kildisheva, Olga A.
Olsen, Andrew
Cahill, Matthew
Kerby, Jay D.
Riginos, Corinna
author_sort Baughman, Owen W.
collection PubMed
description The invasion of exotic, annual plant species is a leading contributor to ecological degradation in drylands globally, and the use of pre-emergent herbicide to control these species is common. Pre-emergent herbicides pose challenges for seed-based restoration due to toxicity to the seeds of desired species. Herbicide protection (HP) technologies pose a potential solution by using activated carbon seed treatments to protect desirable seeds from herbicide exposure. In the sagebrush steppe ecosystem of North America, we used an adaptive small plot design over three planting years to test for effects on seeding outcomes (seedling density and size) of large and small multi-seed HP pellets, several single-seed HP coatings, and carbon banding treatments at geographically dispersed sites for several perennial bunchgrasses and the keystone perennial shrub, Wyoming big sagebrush. We also compared different methods of seed delivery and litter pre-seeding management. Seeding success was low overall, especially for sagebrush, and it was clear that other, often less predictable barriers to establishment than herbicide exposure, such as inadequate spring moisture, were strong drivers of seeding outcomes. Despite this, HP treatments were associated with higher seedling density than bare seed in multiple instances, most notably for grasses. The large HP pellet occasionally outperformed the small HP pellet, and several HP coatings performed similarly to the small pellet. Surprisingly, we did not see consistent negative effects of pre-emergent herbicide on unprotected bare seed. We conclude that HP seed treatments show some promise to improve seeding success in the presence of herbicide, but that consistent success will require further improvements to HP treatments as well as integration with other innovations and approaches.
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spelling pubmed-100626262023-03-31 Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years Baughman, Owen W. Eshleman, Magdalena Griffen, Jessica Rios, Roxanne Boyd, Chad Kildisheva, Olga A. Olsen, Andrew Cahill, Matthew Kerby, Jay D. Riginos, Corinna PLoS One Research Article The invasion of exotic, annual plant species is a leading contributor to ecological degradation in drylands globally, and the use of pre-emergent herbicide to control these species is common. Pre-emergent herbicides pose challenges for seed-based restoration due to toxicity to the seeds of desired species. Herbicide protection (HP) technologies pose a potential solution by using activated carbon seed treatments to protect desirable seeds from herbicide exposure. In the sagebrush steppe ecosystem of North America, we used an adaptive small plot design over three planting years to test for effects on seeding outcomes (seedling density and size) of large and small multi-seed HP pellets, several single-seed HP coatings, and carbon banding treatments at geographically dispersed sites for several perennial bunchgrasses and the keystone perennial shrub, Wyoming big sagebrush. We also compared different methods of seed delivery and litter pre-seeding management. Seeding success was low overall, especially for sagebrush, and it was clear that other, often less predictable barriers to establishment than herbicide exposure, such as inadequate spring moisture, were strong drivers of seeding outcomes. Despite this, HP treatments were associated with higher seedling density than bare seed in multiple instances, most notably for grasses. The large HP pellet occasionally outperformed the small HP pellet, and several HP coatings performed similarly to the small pellet. Surprisingly, we did not see consistent negative effects of pre-emergent herbicide on unprotected bare seed. We conclude that HP seed treatments show some promise to improve seeding success in the presence of herbicide, but that consistent success will require further improvements to HP treatments as well as integration with other innovations and approaches. Public Library of Science 2023-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10062626/ /pubmed/36996261 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283678 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Baughman, Owen W.
Eshleman, Magdalena
Griffen, Jessica
Rios, Roxanne
Boyd, Chad
Kildisheva, Olga A.
Olsen, Andrew
Cahill, Matthew
Kerby, Jay D.
Riginos, Corinna
Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years
title Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years
title_full Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years
title_fullStr Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years
title_short Assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years
title_sort assessment of multiple herbicide protection seed treatments for seed-based restoration of native perennial bunchgrasses and sagebrush across multiple sites and years
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10062626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36996261
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283678
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