Diagnosis and treatment of gastric hamartomatous inverted polyp (GHIP) by endoscopic submucosal dissection: A case report

Gastric hamartomatous inverted polyps (GHIP) is not a common disease, and it has rarely been reported in the literature. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult due to the deep position and surface covered with normal gastric mucosa. However, with the progress of endoscopic technology, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of GHIP. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 61-year-old Chinese man underwent gastroscopy due to abdominal pain 2 months prior that revealed chronic superficial nonatrophic gastritis with erosion and a submucosal tumor in the gastric body (an ultrasound gastroscopy was recommended). Therefore, he was admitted to our hospital for further diagnosis and treatment. DIAGNOSES: A hemispherical submucosal tumor was found in the middle segment of the stomach, with a size of approximately 30 mm × 35 mm and a smooth surface without central ulceration or mucosal bridge formation. Ultrasound gastroscopy showed that the lesion was a hypoechoic mass with uniform internal echo originating from the muscularis propria. INTERVENTIONS: The tumor was completely removed by using ESD. The postoperative pathological results indicated a monocystic structure in the submucosa that was not connected with the surface mucosa. The surface of the cyst was covered with foveolar cells and mucous-neck cells (part of which had low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia), and GHIP was considered to be diagnosed. OUTCOMES: According to the abovementioned endoscopic and pathological features, the patient was finally diagnosed with GHIP. The patient was successfully discharged after surgery and received regular follow-up observations. LESSONS: GHIP is located in the submucosa layer and has the potential risk of malignant transformation. However, it is not easy to diagnose by using gastroscopy and ultrasound gastroscopy. ESD can obtain complete specimens, which contributes to the diagnosis and treatment of GHIP.